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    <body><span class="vcard"><a class="email" href="mailto:akira@tagoh.org" title="Akira TAGOH <akira@tagoh.org>"> <span class="fn">Akira TAGOH</span></a>
</span> changed
              <a class="bz_bug_link 
          bz_status_NEW "
   title="NEW --- - Fix <alias> inside <match>"
   href="https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=59438">bug 59438</a>
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          <tr>
            <th>What</th>
            <th>Removed</th>
            <th>Added</th>
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           <td style="text-align:right;">CC</td>
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           <td>akira@tagoh.org
           </td>
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        <div>
            <b><a class="bz_bug_link 
          bz_status_NEW "
   title="NEW --- - Fix <alias> inside <match>"
   href="https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=59438#c1">Comment # 1</a>
              on <a class="bz_bug_link 
          bz_status_NEW "
   title="NEW --- - Fix <alias> inside <match>"
   href="https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=59438">bug 59438</a>
              from <span class="vcard"><a class="email" href="mailto:akira@tagoh.org" title="Akira TAGOH <akira@tagoh.org>"> <span class="fn">Akira TAGOH</span></a>
</span></b>
        <pre>(In reply to <a href="show_bug.cgi?id=59438#c0">comment #0</a>)
<span class="quote">> Currently the alias doesn't respect the tests.</span >

I think it was fixed in 2.10.0 with
<a href="http://cgit.freedesktop.org/fontconfig/commit/?id=ddefa5021f7785514f373aab6a8e6191a867278e">http://cgit.freedesktop.org/fontconfig/commit/?id=ddefa5021f7785514f373aab6a8e6191a867278e</a>

<alias>
        <test name="lang">
                <string>ja</string>
        </test>
        <test name="family" qual="all" compare="not_eq">
                <string>IPAGothic</string>
        </test>
        <family>sans-serif</family>
        <default><family>IPAGothic</family></default>
</alias>

$ FC_DEBUG=1028 fc-match
...
        Loading config file
/home/tagoh/.config/fontconfig/conf.d/00-test-in-alias.conf
Add Subst match
        pattern any lang Equal "ja"
        pattern all family NotEqual "IPAGothic"
        pattern any family Equal(ignore blanks) "sans-serif"
edit
        Edit family AppendLast "IPAGothic";

That said, as you say fontconfig does deal with <alias> inside <match> too:

        <match>
                <alias>
                        <family>sans-serif</family>
                        <default><family>foo</family></default>
                </alias>
        </match>

$ FC_DEBUG=1028 fc-match
...
        Loading config file
/home/tagoh/.config/fontconfig/conf.d/000-bz59438.conf
Add Subst match
        pattern any family Equal(ignore blanks) "sans-serif"
edit
        Edit family AppendLast "foo";

Add Subst match
edit</pre>
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