Hi.. I just confused about the "Hello World " example in the gstreamer manual. I can see a pipeline and some elements are created in code. In the end the pipeline is unrefed , using the method gst_object_unref(pipeline). What what about the elements we created...? Its there and the reference count of the elements doesn't seems decremented.... In chapter 5.2 . its says we need to use gst-object_unref for elements also Regards, Lijin