All my stereo soundcards are identical, which is why I am confused by them only showing their sources and not their sinks. Their directories in /proc/asound/ are also nearly identical. I think this must be a bug. is there a way to manually command pulse to load output profiles on boot? They work fine split up on another computer, but when I put them all together on the same computer, pulse somehow fails to give 2 of the cards an output profile: profiles: input:analog-mono: Analog Mono Input (priority 1) off: Off (priority 0) as opposed to profiles: output:analog-stereo: Analog Stereo Output (priority 6000) output:analog-stereo+input:analog-mono: Analog Stereo Output + Analog Mono Input (priority 6001) output:iec958-stereo: Digital Stereo Duplex (IEC958) (priority 5500) output:iec958-stereo+input:analog-mono: Digital Stereo (IEC958) Output + Analog Mono Input (priority 5501) input:analog-mono: Analog Mono Input (priority 1) off: Off (priority 0) <div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, Nov 30, 2011 at 4:43 AM, Maarten Bosmans <<a href="mailto:mkbosmans@gmail.com">mkbosmans@gmail.com</a>> wrote: <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding-left: 1ex;">2011/11/29 Cyrus Vafadari <<a href="mailto:cyrusv@mit.edu">cyrusv@mit.edu</a>>: <div class="im">> I'm trying to use a bunch of sundcards (8 usb + 4 hdmi + 1 mobo) to control > different zones separately & combine them in cool ways. > > I'm having trouble getting pulse to recognize all of my soundcards' > existence. > > aplay -l recognizes all 13 cards, as does "pacmd list-cards", but pulse only > recognizes 10 of them (0-9). It seems to find them in the "pacmd dump", but > not in list-sinks. </div>Cards and sinks are different things. A card can have zero or more sinks and zero or more sources. This can also change according to which profile is selected for the card.