[PATCH v2 1/3] PM: Use hibernate flows for system power off

[Mario Limonciello]

On 5/16/2025 9:58 AM, Rafael J. Wysocki wrote:
> On Wed, May 14, 2025 at 9:34 PM Mario Limonciello <superm1 at kernel.org> wrote:
>>
>> From: Mario Limonciello <mario.limonciello at amd.com>
>>
>> When the system is powered off the kernel will call device_shutdown()
>> which will issue callbacks into PCI core to wake up a device and call
>> it's shutdown() callback.  This will leave devices in ACPI D0 which can
>> cause some devices to misbehave with spurious wakeups and also leave some
>> devices on which will consume power needlessly.
>>
>> The issue won't happen if the device is in D3 before system shutdown, so
>> putting device to low power state before shutdown solves the issue.
>>
>> ACPI Spec 6.5, "7.4.2.5 System \_S4 State" says "Devices states are
>> compatible with the current Power Resource states. In other words, all
>> devices are in the D3 state when the system state is S4."
>>
>> The following "7.4.2.6 System \_S5 State (Soft Off)" states "The S5
>> state is similar to the S4 state except that OSPM does not save any
>> context." so it's safe to assume devices should be at D3 for S5.
>>
>> To accomplish this, modify the PM core to call all the device hibernate
>> callbacks when turning off the system when the kernel is compiled with
>> hibernate support. If compiled without hibernate support or hibernate fails
>> fall back into the previous shutdown flow.
>>
>> Cc: AceLan Kao <acelan.kao at canonical.com>
>> Cc: Kai-Heng Feng <kaihengf at nvidia.com>
>> Cc: Mark Pearson <mpearson-lenovo at squebb.ca>
>> Cc: Merthan Karakaş <m3rthn.k at gmail.com>
>> Tested-by: Denis Benato <benato.denis96 at gmail.com>
>> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-pci/20231213182656.6165-1-mario.limonciello@amd.com/
>> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-pci/20250506041934.1409302-1-superm1@kernel.org/
>> Signed-off-by: Mario Limonciello <mario.limonciello at amd.com>
>> ---
>> v2:
>>   * Handle failures to hibernate (fall back to shutdown)
>>   * Don't use dedicated events
>>   * Only allow under CONFIG_HIBERNATE_CALLBACKS
>> ---
>>   kernel/reboot.c | 12 ++++++++++++
>>   1 file changed, 12 insertions(+)
>>
>> diff --git a/kernel/reboot.c b/kernel/reboot.c
>> index ec087827c85cd..52f5e6e36a6f8 100644
>> --- a/kernel/reboot.c
>> +++ b/kernel/reboot.c
>> @@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
>>   #include <linux/kexec.h>
>>   #include <linux/kmod.h>
>>   #include <linux/kmsg_dump.h>
>> +#include <linux/pm.h>
>>   #include <linux/reboot.h>
>>   #include <linux/suspend.h>
>>   #include <linux/syscalls.h>
>> @@ -305,6 +306,17 @@ static void kernel_shutdown_prepare(enum system_states state)
>>                  (state == SYSTEM_HALT) ? SYS_HALT : SYS_POWER_OFF, NULL);
>>          system_state = state;
>>          usermodehelper_disable();
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_HIBERNATE_CALLBACKS
>> +       if (dpm_suspend_start(PMSG_HIBERNATE))
>> +               goto resume_devices;
> 
> A failure of one device may trigger a cascade of failures when trying
> to resume devices and it is not even necessary to resume the ones that
> have been powered off successfully.

Right it "shouldn't" be necessary, but I wanted to make sure that we had 
a clean (expected) slate going into device_shutdown().

Otherwise drivers might not have been prepared to go right from 
poweroff() to shutdown() callbacks.

> 
> IMV this should just ignore errors during the processing of devices,
> so maybe introduce PMSG_POWEROFF for it?

Hmm - I guess it depends upon the failures that occurred.  I'll start 
plumbing a new message and see how it looks.

I don't "think" we can safely call dpm_suspend_end() if 
dpm_suspend_start() failed though.

> 
> It should also ignore wakeup events that occur while devices are powered off.
> 
>> +       if (dpm_suspend_end(PMSG_HIBERNATE))
>> +               goto resume_devices;
>> +       return;
>> +
>> +resume_devices:
>> +       pr_emerg("Failed to power off devices, using shutdown instead.\n");
>> +       dpm_resume_end(PMSG_RESTORE);
> 
> Unfortunately, PMSG_RESTORE is not the right resume action for
> PMSG_HIBERNATE because it may not power-up things (some drivers assume
> that the restore kernel will power-up devices and so they don't do it
> in "restore" callbacks).
> 
> I do realize that hibernation uses it to reverse PMSG_HIBERNATE, but
> it should not do that either.  That may be fixed later, though.
> 
>> +#endif
>>          device_shutdown();
>>   }
>>   /**
>> --
> 
> I'd prefer to get back to this series after the 6.16 merge window
> starts.  It is sort of last minute for 6.16 and it is far from ready
> IMV.

Sure, I'll get a start on your feedback above and submit a fixed up 
version after the merge window.