[PATCH RFC tip/core/rcu 0/4] Forbid static SRCU use in modules
Paul E. McKenney
paulmck at linux.ibm.com
Sun Apr 7 13:48:12 UTC 2019
On Sat, Apr 06, 2019 at 01:33:27PM +0000, Joel Fernandes wrote:
> On Fri, Apr 05, 2019 at 04:28:35PM -0700, Paul E. McKenney wrote:
> > On Wed, Apr 03, 2019 at 09:20:39AM -0700, Paul E. McKenney wrote:
> > > On Wed, Apr 03, 2019 at 10:27:42AM -0400, Mathieu Desnoyers wrote:
> > > > ----- On Apr 3, 2019, at 9:32 AM, paulmck paulmck at linux.ibm.com wrote:
> > > >
> > > > > On Tue, Apr 02, 2019 at 11:34:07AM -0400, Mathieu Desnoyers wrote:
> > > > >> ----- On Apr 2, 2019, at 11:23 AM, paulmck paulmck at linux.ibm.com wrote:
> > > > >>
> > > > >> > On Tue, Apr 02, 2019 at 11:14:40AM -0400, Mathieu Desnoyers wrote:
> > > > >> >> ----- On Apr 2, 2019, at 10:28 AM, paulmck paulmck at linux.ibm.com wrote:
> > > > >> >>
> > > > >> >> > Hello!
> > > > >> >> >
> > > > >> >> > This series prohibits use of DEFINE_SRCU() and DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU()
> > > > >> >> > by loadable modules. The reason for this prohibition is the fact
> > > > >> >> > that using these two macros within modules requires that the size of
> > > > >> >> > the reserved region be increased, which is not something we want to
> > > > >> >> > be doing all that often. Instead, loadable modules should define an
> > > > >> >> > srcu_struct and invoke init_srcu_struct() from their module_init function
> > > > >> >> > and cleanup_srcu_struct() from their module_exit function. Note that
> > > > >> >> > modules using call_srcu() will also need to invoke srcu_barrier() from
> > > > >> >> > their module_exit function.
> > > > >> >>
> > > > >> >> This arbitrary API limitation seems weird.
> > > > >> >>
> > > > >> >> Isn't there a way to allow modules to use DEFINE_SRCU and DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU
> > > > >> >> while implementing them with dynamic allocation under the hood ?
> > > > >> >
> > > > >> > Although call_srcu() already has initialization hooks, some would
> > > > >> > also be required in srcu_read_lock(), and I am concerned about adding
> > > > >> > memory allocation at that point, especially given the possibility
> > > > >> > of memory-allocation failure. And the possibility that the first
> > > > >> > srcu_read_lock() happens in an interrupt handler or similar.
> > > > >> >
> > > > >> > Or am I missing a trick here?
> > > > >>
> > > > >> I was more thinking that under #ifdef MODULE, both DEFINE_SRCU and
> > > > >> DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU could append data in a dedicated section. module.c
> > > > >> would additionally lookup that section on module load, and deal with
> > > > >> those statically defined SRCU entries as if they were dynamically
> > > > >> allocated ones. It would of course cleanup those resources on module
> > > > >> unload.
> > > > >>
> > > > >> Am I missing some subtlety there ?
> > > > >
> > > > > If I understand you correctly, that is actually what is already done. The
> > > > > size of this dedicated section is currently set by PERCPU_MODULE_RESERVE,
> > > > > and the additions of DEFINE{_STATIC}_SRCU() in modules was requiring that
> > > > > this to be increased frequently. That led to a request that something
> > > > > be done, in turn leading to this patch series.
> > > >
> > > > I think we are not expressing quite the same idea.
> > > >
> > > > AFAIU, yours is to have DEFINE*_SRCU directly define per-cpu data within modules,
> > > > which ends up using percpu module reserved memory.
> > > >
> > > > My idea is to make DEFINE*_SRCU have a different behavior under #ifdef MODULE.
> > > > It could emit a _global variable_ (_not_ per-cpu) within a new section. That
> > > > section would then be used by module init/exit code to figure out what "srcu
> > > > descriptors" are present in the modules. It would therefore rely on dynamic
> > > > allocation for those, therefore removing the need to involve the percpu module
> > > > reserved pool at all.
> > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > I don't see a way around this short of changing module loading to do
> > > > > alloc_percpu() and then updating the relocation based on this result.
> > > > > Which would admittedly be far more convenient. I was assuming that
> > > > > this would be difficult due to varying CPU offsets or the like.
> > > > >
> > > > > But if it can be done reasonably, it would be quite a bit nicer than
> > > > > forcing dynamic allocation in cases where it is not otherwise needed.
> > > >
> > > > Hopefully my explanation above helps clear out what I have in mind.
> > > >
> > > > You can find similar tricks performed by include/linux/tracepoint.h:
> > > >
> > > > #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_PREL32_RELOCATIONS
> > > > static inline struct tracepoint *tracepoint_ptr_deref(tracepoint_ptr_t *p)
> > > > {
> > > > return offset_to_ptr(p);
> > > > }
> > > >
> > > > #define __TRACEPOINT_ENTRY(name) \
> > > > asm(" .section \"__tracepoints_ptrs\", \"a\" \n" \
> > > > " .balign 4 \n" \
> > > > " .long __tracepoint_" #name " - . \n" \
> > > > " .previous \n")
> > > > #else
> > > > static inline struct tracepoint *tracepoint_ptr_deref(tracepoint_ptr_t *p)
> > > > {
> > > > return *p;
> > > > }
> > > >
> > > > #define __TRACEPOINT_ENTRY(name) \
> > > > static tracepoint_ptr_t __tracepoint_ptr_##name __used \
> > > > __attribute__((section("__tracepoints_ptrs"))) = \
> > > > &__tracepoint_##name
> > > > #endif
> > > >
> > > > [...]
> > > >
> > > > #define DEFINE_TRACE_FN(name, reg, unreg) \
> > > > static const char __tpstrtab_##name[] \
> > > > __attribute__((section("__tracepoints_strings"))) = #name; \
> > > > struct tracepoint __tracepoint_##name \
> > > > __attribute__((section("__tracepoints"), used)) = \
> > > > { __tpstrtab_##name, STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE, reg, unreg, NULL };\
> > > > __TRACEPOINT_ENTRY(name);
> > > >
> > > > And kernel/module.c:
> > > >
> > > > find_module_sections():
> > > >
> > > > #ifdef CONFIG_TRACEPOINTS
> > > > mod->tracepoints_ptrs = section_objs(info, "__tracepoints_ptrs",
> > > > sizeof(*mod->tracepoints_ptrs),
> > > > &mod->num_tracepoints);
> > > > #endif
> > > >
> > > > And kernel/tracepoint.c:tracepoint_module_notify() for the module coming/going
> > > > notifier.
> > > >
> > > > Basically you would want to have your own structure within your own section of
> > > > the module which describes the srcu domain, and have a module coming/going
> > > > notifier responsible for dynamically allocating the srcu domain on "coming", and
> > > > doing a srcu barrier and cleanup the domain on "going".
> > >
> > > Ah, sounds like an excellent approach! I will give it a shot, thank you!
> >
> > Please see below for an untested shot.
> >
> > The original commits posted in this series are still available within
> > the -srcu tree at branch srcunomod.2019.04.05a. Yes, I am a digital
> > packrat. Why do you ask?
> >
> > Thoughts? Or more accurately, given that this is the first time I
> > have used linker sections, what did I mess up?
> >
> > Thanx, Paul
> >
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> >
> > commit e24a0dab1414c563bb96bcb28d5963c9df18b1e8
> > Author: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck at linux.ibm.com>
> > Date: Fri Apr 5 16:15:00 2019 -0700
> >
> > srcu: Allocate per-CPU data for DEFINE_SRCU() in modules
> >
> > Adding DEFINE_SRCU() or DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU() to a loadable module requires
> > that the size of the reserved region be increased, which is not something
> > we want to be doing all that often. One approach would be to require
> > that loadable modules define an srcu_struct and invoke init_srcu_struct()
> > from their module_init function and cleanup_srcu_struct() from their
> > module_exit function. However, this is more than a bit user unfriendly.
> >
> > This commit therefore creates an ___srcu_struct_ptrs linker section,
> > and pointers to srcu_struct structures created by DEFINE_SRCU() and
> > DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU() within a module are placed into that module's
> > ___srcu_struct_ptrs section. The required init_srcu_struct() and
> > cleanup_srcu_struct() functions are then automatically invoked as needed
> > when that module is loaded and unloaded, thus allowing modules to continue
> > to use DEFINE_SRCU() and DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU() while avoiding the need
> > to increase the size of the reserved region.
> >
> > Many of the algorithms and some of the code was cheerfully cherry-picked
> > from other code making use of linker sections, perhaps most notably from
> > tracepoints. All bugs are nevertheless the sole property of the author.
> >
> > Suggested-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers at efficios.com>
> > Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck at linux.ibm.com>
> >
> > diff --git a/include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h b/include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h
> > index f8f6f04c4453..c2d919a1566e 100644
> > --- a/include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h
> > +++ b/include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h
> > @@ -338,6 +338,10 @@
> > KEEP(*(__tracepoints_ptrs)) /* Tracepoints: pointer array */ \
> > __stop___tracepoints_ptrs = .; \
> > *(__tracepoints_strings)/* Tracepoints: strings */ \
> > + . = ALIGN(8); \
> > + __start___srcu_struct = .; \
> > + *(___srcu_struct_ptrs) \
> > + __end___srcu_struct = .; \
> > } \
> > \
> > .rodata1 : AT(ADDR(.rodata1) - LOAD_OFFSET) { \
> > diff --git a/include/linux/module.h b/include/linux/module.h
> > index 5bf5dcd91009..921443a026dd 100644
> > --- a/include/linux/module.h
> > +++ b/include/linux/module.h
> > @@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
> > #include <linux/rbtree_latch.h>
> > #include <linux/error-injection.h>
> > #include <linux/tracepoint-defs.h>
> > +#include <linux/srcu.h>
> >
> > #include <linux/percpu.h>
> > #include <asm/module.h>
> > @@ -448,6 +449,10 @@ struct module {
> > unsigned int num_tracepoints;
> > tracepoint_ptr_t *tracepoints_ptrs;
> > #endif
> > +#ifdef CONFIG_TREE_SRCU
> > + unsigned int num_srcu_structs;
> > + struct srcu_struct **srcu_struct_ptrs;
> > +#endif
> > #ifdef CONFIG_BPF_EVENTS
> > unsigned int num_bpf_raw_events;
> > struct bpf_raw_event_map *bpf_raw_events;
> > diff --git a/include/linux/srcutree.h b/include/linux/srcutree.h
> > index 7f7c8c050f63..93685a9f3b4c 100644
> > --- a/include/linux/srcutree.h
> > +++ b/include/linux/srcutree.h
> > @@ -120,9 +120,17 @@ struct srcu_struct {
> > *
> > * See include/linux/percpu-defs.h for the rules on per-CPU variables.
> > */
> > -#define __DEFINE_SRCU(name, is_static) \
> > - static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct srcu_data, name##_srcu_data);\
> > - is_static struct srcu_struct name = __SRCU_STRUCT_INIT(name, name##_srcu_data)
> > +#ifdef MODULE
> > +# define __DEFINE_SRCU(name, is_static) \
> > + is_static struct srcu_struct name; \
> > + struct srcu_struct *__srcu_struct_##name \
> > + __attribute__((section("___srcu_struct_ptrs"))) = &name
>
> This can be replaced by:
> __section("__srcu_struct_ptrs") = &name;
That is way easier on the eyes! Thank you, will fix.
> > +#else
> > +# define __DEFINE_SRCU(name, is_static) \
> > + static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct srcu_data, name##_srcu_data); \
> > + is_static struct srcu_struct name = \
> > + __SRCU_STRUCT_INIT(name, name##_srcu_data)
> > +#endif
> > #define DEFINE_SRCU(name) __DEFINE_SRCU(name, /* not static */)
> > #define DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(name) __DEFINE_SRCU(name, static)
> >
> > diff --git a/kernel/module.c b/kernel/module.c
> > index 0b9aa8ab89f0..524da609c884 100644
> > --- a/kernel/module.c
> > +++ b/kernel/module.c
> > @@ -3093,6 +3093,11 @@ static int find_module_sections(struct module *mod, struct load_info *info)
> > sizeof(*mod->tracepoints_ptrs),
> > &mod->num_tracepoints);
> > #endif
> > +#ifdef CONFIG_TREE_SRCU
> > + mod->srcu_struct_ptrs = section_objs(info, "___srcu_struct_ptrs",
> > + sizeof(*mod->srcu_struct_ptrs),
> > + &mod->num_srcu_structs);
> > +#endif
> > #ifdef CONFIG_BPF_EVENTS
> > mod->bpf_raw_events = section_objs(info, "__bpf_raw_tp_map",
> > sizeof(*mod->bpf_raw_events),
> > diff --git a/kernel/rcu/srcutree.c b/kernel/rcu/srcutree.c
> > index 9b761e546de8..ac0f6f0a8916 100644
> > --- a/kernel/rcu/srcutree.c
> > +++ b/kernel/rcu/srcutree.c
> > @@ -1310,3 +1310,70 @@ void __init srcu_init(void)
> > queue_work(rcu_gp_wq, &ssp->work.work);
> > }
> > }
> > +
> > +#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
> > +
> > +/* Initialize any global-scope srcu_struct structures used by this module. */
> > +static int srcu_module_coming(struct module *mod)
> > +{
> > + int i;
> > + struct srcu_struct **sspp = mod->srcu_struct_ptrs;
> > + int ret;
> > +
> > + for (i = 0; i < mod->num_srcu_structs; i++) {
> > + ret = init_srcu_struct(*(sspp++));
> > + if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ret))
> > + return ret;
> > + }
> > + return 0;
> > +}
> > +
> > +/* Clean up any global-scope srcu_struct structures used by this module. */
> > +static void srcu_module_going(struct module *mod)
> > +{
> > + int i;
> > + struct srcu_struct **sspp = mod->srcu_struct_ptrs;
> > +
> > + for (i = 0; i < mod->num_srcu_structs; i++)
> > + cleanup_srcu_struct(*(sspp++));
> > +}
> > +
> > +/* Handle one module, either coming or going. */
> > +static int srcu_module_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
> > + unsigned long val, void *data)
> > +{
> > + struct module *mod = data;
> > + int ret = 0;
> > +
> > + switch (val) {
> > + case MODULE_STATE_COMING:
> > + ret = srcu_module_coming(mod);
> > + break;
> > + case MODULE_STATE_LIVE:
> > + break;
> > + case MODULE_STATE_GOING:
> > + srcu_module_going(mod);
> > + break;
> > + case MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED:
> > + break;
>
> The unused cases can be put under default or even clubbed thus saving a line
> but if you prefer to keep them.like this that is fine.
Well, saving two lines is saving two lines, so will apply.
> It looks good to me but I will test it out more later today. Thanks!
Thank you!
Thanx, Paul
> - Joel
>
>
> > + return ret;
> > +}
> > +
> > +static struct notifier_block srcu_module_nb = {
> > + .notifier_call = srcu_module_notify,
> > + .priority = 0,
> > +};
> > +
> > +static __init int init_srcu_module_notifier(void)
> > +{
> > + int ret;
> > +
> > + ret = register_module_notifier(&srcu_module_nb);
> > + if (ret)
> > + pr_warn("Failed to register srcu module notifier\n");
> > + return ret;
> > +}
> > +late_initcall(init_srcu_module_notifier);
> > +
> > +#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES */
> >
>
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