[RFC PATCH 1/5] x86/xen: disable swiotlb for xen pvh

[Roger Pau Monné]

On Thu, Mar 16, 2023 at 04:09:44PM -0700, Stefano Stabellini wrote:
> On Thu, 16 Mar 2023, Juergen Gross wrote:
> > On 16.03.23 14:53, Alex Deucher wrote:
> > > On Thu, Mar 16, 2023 at 9:48 AM Juergen Gross <jgross at suse.com> wrote:
> > > > 
> > > > On 16.03.23 14:45, Alex Deucher wrote:
> > > > > On Thu, Mar 16, 2023 at 3:50 AM Jan Beulich <jbeulich at suse.com> wrote:
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > On 16.03.2023 00:25, Stefano Stabellini wrote:
> > > > > > > On Wed, 15 Mar 2023, Jan Beulich wrote:
> > > > > > > > On 15.03.2023 01:52, Stefano Stabellini wrote:
> > > > > > > > > On Mon, 13 Mar 2023, Jan Beulich wrote:
> > > > > > > > > > On 12.03.2023 13:01, Huang Rui wrote:
> > > > > > > > > > > Xen PVH is the paravirtualized mode and takes advantage of
> > > > > > > > > > > hardware
> > > > > > > > > > > virtualization support when possible. It will using the
> > > > > > > > > > > hardware IOMMU
> > > > > > > > > > > support instead of xen-swiotlb, so disable swiotlb if
> > > > > > > > > > > current domain is
> > > > > > > > > > > Xen PVH.
> > > > > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > > > But the kernel has no way (yet) to drive the IOMMU, so how can
> > > > > > > > > > it get
> > > > > > > > > > away without resorting to swiotlb in certain cases (like I/O
> > > > > > > > > > to an
> > > > > > > > > > address-restricted device)?
> > > > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > > I think Ray meant that, thanks to the IOMMU setup by Xen, there
> > > > > > > > > is no
> > > > > > > > > need for swiotlb-xen in Dom0. Address translations are done by
> > > > > > > > > the IOMMU
> > > > > > > > > so we can use guest physical addresses instead of machine
> > > > > > > > > addresses for
> > > > > > > > > DMA. This is a similar case to Dom0 on ARM when the IOMMU is
> > > > > > > > > available
> > > > > > > > > (see include/xen/arm/swiotlb-xen.h:xen_swiotlb_detect, the
> > > > > > > > > corresponding
> > > > > > > > > case is XENFEAT_not_direct_mapped).
> > > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > But how does Xen using an IOMMU help with, as said,
> > > > > > > > address-restricted
> > > > > > > > devices? They may still need e.g. a 32-bit address to be
> > > > > > > > programmed in,
> > > > > > > > and if the kernel has memory beyond the 4G boundary not all I/O
> > > > > > > > buffers
> > > > > > > > may fulfill this requirement.
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > In short, it is going to work as long as Linux has guest physical
> > > > > > > addresses (not machine addresses, those could be anything) lower
> > > > > > > than
> > > > > > > 4GB.
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > If the address-restricted device does DMA via an IOMMU, then the
> > > > > > > device
> > > > > > > gets programmed by Linux using its guest physical addresses (not
> > > > > > > machine
> > > > > > > addresses).
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > The 32-bit restriction would be applied by Linux to its choice of
> > > > > > > guest
> > > > > > > physical address to use to program the device, the same way it does
> > > > > > > on
> > > > > > > native. The device would be fine as it always uses Linux-provided
> > > > > > > <4GB
> > > > > > > addresses. After the IOMMU translation (pagetable setup by Xen), we
> > > > > > > could get any address, including >4GB addresses, and that is
> > > > > > > expected to
> > > > > > > work.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > I understand that's the "normal" way of working. But whatever the
> > > > > > swiotlb
> > > > > > is used for in baremetal Linux, that would similarly require its use
> > > > > > in
> > > > > > PVH (or HVM) aiui. So unconditionally disabling it in PVH would look
> > > > > > to
> > > > > > me like an incomplete attempt to disable its use altogether on x86.
> > > > > > What
> > > > > > difference of PVH vs baremetal am I missing here?
> > > > > 
> > > > > swiotlb is not usable for GPUs even on bare metal.  They often have
> > > > > hundreds or megs or even gigs of memory mapped on the device at any
> > > > > given time.  Also, AMD GPUs support 44-48 bit DMA masks (depending on
> > > > > the chip family).
> > > > 
> > > > But the swiotlb isn't per device, but system global.
> > > 
> > > Sure, but if the swiotlb is in use, then you can't really use the GPU.
> > > So you get to pick one.
> > 
> > The swiotlb is used only for buffers which are not within the DMA mask of a
> > device (see dma_direct_map_page()). So an AMD GPU supporting a 44 bit DMA mask
> > won't use the swiotlb unless you have a buffer above guest physical address of
> > 16TB (so basically never).
> > 
> > Disabling swiotlb in such a guest would OTOH mean, that a device with only
> > 32 bit DMA mask passed through to this guest couldn't work with buffers
> > above 4GB.
> > 
> > I don't think this is acceptable.
> 
> From the Xen subsystem in Linux point of view, the only thing we need to
> do is to make sure *not* to enable swiotlb_xen (yes "swiotlb_xen", not
> the global swiotlb) on PVH because it is not needed anyway.

But this is already the case on PVH, swiotlb_xen won't be enabled.
swiotlb_xen is only enabled for PV domains, other domain types don't
enable it under any circumstance on x86.

> I think we should leave the global "swiotlb" setting alone. The global
> swiotlb is not relevant to Xen anyway, and surely baremetal Linux has to
> have a way to deal with swiotlb/GPU incompatibilities.
> 
> We just have to avoid making things worse on Xen, and for that we just
> need to avoid unconditionally enabling swiotlb-xen. If the Xen subsystem
> doesn't enable swiotlb_xen/swiotlb, and no other subsystem enables
> swiotlb, then we have a good Linux configuration capable of handling the
> GPU properly.

Given that this patch is basically a non-functional change (because
the modified functions are only called for PV domains) I think we all
agree that swiotlb_xen should never be used on PVH, and native swiotlb
might be required depending on the DMA address restrictions of the
devices on the system.  So no change required.

Thanks, Roger.