[PATCH 4/4] drm/bridge: hotplug-bridge: add driver to support hot-pluggable DSI bridges

[Luca Ceresoli]

Hi Maxime,

On Wed, 27 Mar 2024 17:08:49 +0100
Luca Ceresoli <luca.ceresoli at bootlin.com> wrote:

[...]

> > There's several additional hurdles there:
> > 
> >  - You mentioned the connector in your ideal scenario. But as soon as
> >    you remove the last bridge, the connector will probably go away too.
> >    There's two scenarii here then:
> > 
> >    - The driver is ok, and it will stay there until the last user its to
> >      the main DRM device. Which means that if you create a new one,
> >      you'll have the old one and the new one together, but you can't
> >      tell which one you're supposed to use.
> > 
> >    - If the driver isn't ok, the connector will be freed immediately.
> >      There's plenty of lingering pointers in the framework, and
> >      especially the states though, leading to use-after-free errors.
> > 
> >  - So far, we told everyone that the graphics pipeline wasn't going to
> >    change. How do you expect applications to deal with a connector going
> >    away without any regression? I guess the natural thing here would be
> >    to emit a uevent just like we do when the connection status change,
> >    but the thing is: we're doing that for the connector, and the
> >    connector is gone.  
> 
> Thanks for your feedback. I probably should have discussed this aspect
> in my cover letter, sorry about that, let me amend now.
> 
> I think there are two possible approaches.
> 
> The first approach is based on removing the drm_connector. My laptop
> uses the i915 driver, and I have observed that attaching/removing a
> USB-C dock with an HDMI connector connected to a monitor, a new
> drm_connector appears/disappears for the card. User space gets notified
> and the external monitor is enabled/disabled, just the way a desktop
> user would expect, so this is possible. I had a look at the driver but
> how this magic happens was not clear to me honestly.
> 
> The second approach is simpler and based on keeping the drm_connector
> always instantiated, and it is what this driver does. The drm_connector
> is added by the hotplug-bridge driver in the drm_bridge_funcs.attach op,
> which happens initially, and only removed by drm_bridge_funcs.detach,
> so it is never removed when detaching the _following_ part of the
> pipeline (which the card is unaware of). So the encoder always has a
> drm_connector.
> 
> Note when attaching to the downstream bridge we pass the
> DRM_BRIDGE_ATTACH_NO_CONNECTOR flag, which _should_ prevent creation of a
> second connector. I'd expect some drivers to not honour that flag, but
> they can be fixed if needed.
> 
> When the tail of the pipeline is connected/removed, the
> hpb->next_bridge pointer becomes valid/NULL. And
> hotplug_bridge_detect() looks at exactly that pointer to return a
> connected or disconnected status.
> 
> The result is that when the add-on is connected, 'modetest -c' shows:
> 
>   Connectors:
>   id      encoder status          name            size (mm)       modes   encoders
>   37      0       connected       DSI-1           293x165         1       36
>     modes:
>           index name refresh (Hz) hdisp hss hse htot vdisp vss vse vtot
>     #0 1920x1080 60.00 1920 1978 2020 2108 1080 1088 1102 1116 141140 flags: ; type: preferred, driver
>     props:
>   ...
> 
> and when it is disconnected, it shows:
> 
>   Connectors:
>   id      encoder status          name            size (mm)       modes   encoders
>   37      0       disconnected    DSI-1           0x0             0       36
>     props:
>   ...
> 
> weston detects the HPD events from the connector and starts/stops using
> the removable display correctly.
> 
> Does this clarify the approach?
> 
> I could be missing some aspects of course, especially in case of more
> complex hardware setups than the one I have. However the code in this
> series has been tested for a long time and no memory-safety issue has
> appeared.
> 
> > Between the userspace expectations and the memory-safety issue plaguing
> > way too many drivers, I'm not sure this approach can work.
> > 
> > I guess one way to somewhat achieve what you're trying to do would be to
> > introduce the connection status at the bridge level, reflect the
> > aggregate connection status of all bridges on the connector, and make
> > each bridge driver probe its device in the connect hook through DCS or
> > I2C.  
> 
> I think you mean: keeping all the bridge drivers instantiated, even
> when the physical chip is removed.
> 
> This is of course another possible approach. However it would be more
> invasive, forcing bridge drivers to change their current behaviour. And
> it would violate the design that a driver is probed when a device is
> there, and removed when the hardware goes away.
> 
> The approach I took firstly allows to have zero modifications to
> existing bridge drivers -- not necessarily the right thing to do, but I
> didn't find any good reason to require that.
> 
> Additionally, it is designed to allow removing an add-on having bridge
> XYZ and then plugging in another add-on with bridge ABC, having a
> different driver. Keeping alive the XYZ driver on unplug would not make
> sense in such a case. This is not a tested scenario as I have no
> hardware allowing that, but it is part of the design goals and I see no
> obvious reason it wouldn't work with this patch as is, since the
> downstream bridge driver is removed on disconnect and probed on connect
> for whatever bridge will be connected.

Did you have a chance to think about this? I was wondering whether my
comments addresses some of your concerns, and whether these additional
clarifications make my approach look reasonable to you.

Best regards,
Luca

-- 
Luca Ceresoli, Bootlin
Embedded Linux and Kernel engineering
https://bootlin.com