[PATCH v9 9/9] PCI: Add a new 'boot_display' attribute

[Mario Limonciello]

On 7/21/25 8:59 PM, Bjorn Helgaas wrote:
> On Mon, Jul 21, 2025 at 07:28:07PM -0500, Mario Limonciello wrote:
>> On 7/21/25 6:00 PM, Bjorn Helgaas wrote:
>>> On Fri, Jul 18, 2025 at 12:44:11PM -0500, Mario Limonciello wrote:
>>>> On 7/18/2025 12:36 PM, Bjorn Helgaas wrote:
>>>>> On Fri, Jul 18, 2025 at 12:29:05PM -0500, Mario Limonciello wrote:
>>>>>> On 7/18/2025 12:25 PM, Bjorn Helgaas wrote:
>>>>>>> On Thu, Jul 17, 2025 at 12:38:12PM -0500, Mario Limonciello wrote:
>>>>>>>> From: Mario Limonciello <mario.limonciello at amd.com>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> On systems with multiple GPUs there can be uncertainty which GPU is the
>>>>>>>> primary one used to drive the display at bootup. In some desktop
>>>>>>>> environments this can lead to increased power consumption because
>>>>>>>> secondary GPUs may be used for rendering and never go to a low power
>>>>>>>> state. In order to disambiguate this add a new sysfs attribute
>>>>>>>> 'boot_display' that uses the output of video_is_primary_device() to
>>>>>>>> populate whether a PCI device was used for driving the display.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> +What:		/sys/bus/pci/devices/.../boot_display
>>>>>>>> +Date:		October 2025
>>>>>>>> +Contact:	Linux PCI developers <linux-pci at vger.kernel.org>
>>>>>>>> +Description:
>>>>>>>> +		This file indicates that displays connected to the device were
>>>>>>>> +		used to display the boot sequence.  If a display connected to
>>>>>>>> +		the device was used to display the boot sequence the file will
>>>>>>>> +		be present and contain "1".
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>      int __must_check pci_create_sysfs_dev_files(struct pci_dev *pdev)
>>>>>>>>      {
>>>>>>>> +	int retval;
>>>>>>>> +
>>>>>>>>      	if (!sysfs_initialized)
>>>>>>>>      		return -EACCES;
>>>>>>>> +	retval = pci_create_boot_display_file(pdev);
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> In addition to Mani's question about whether /sys/bus/pci/ is
>>>>>>> the right place for this (which is a very good question), it's
>>>>>>> also been pointed out to me that we've been trying to get rid
>>>>>>> of pci_create_sysfs_dev_files() for years.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> If it's possible to make this a static attribute that would be
>>>>>>> much, much cleaner.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Right - I tried to do this, but the problem is at the time the
>>>>>> PCI device is created the information needed to make the
>>>>>> judgement isn't ready.  The options end up being:
>>>>>> * a sysfs file for every display device with 0/1
>>>>>> * a sysfs file that is not accurate until later in the boot
>>>>>
>>>>> What's missing?  The specifics might be helpful if someone has
>>>>> another crack at getting rid of pci_create_sysfs_dev_files() in
>>>>> the future.
>>>>
>>>> The underlying SCREEN_INFO code tries to walk through all the PCI
>>>> devices in a loop, but at the time all the devices are walked the
>>>> memory regions associated with the device weren't populated.
>>>
>>> Which loop are you referring to that walks through all the PCI
>>> devices?  I see this:
>>>
>>>     efifb_set_system
>>>       for_each_pci_dev(dev)
>>>
>>> but that only looks at VGA devices and IIUC you also want to look at
>>> non-VGA GPUs.
> 
> [I assume the loop is the "while (pdev =
> pci_get_base_class(PCI_BASE_CLASS_DISPLAY))" in
> __screen_info_pci_dev(), which indeed walks through all known PCI
> devices]
> 
>>> I don't see a loop in *this* series, where the screen_info path looks
>>> like this:
>>>
>>>     pci_create_boot_display_file
>>>       video_is_primary_device
>>>         screen_info_pci_dev      # added by "fbcon: Use screen info to find primary device"
>>>           screen_info_resources
>>>           __screen_info_pci_dev
>>>
>>> and we're basically matching the screen_info base/address with BAR
>>> values.
>>>
>>> The usual problem is that BARs may not have been assigned by the
>>> time pci_device_add() -> device_add() creates the static
>>> attributes.
>>>
>>> So we call pci_assign_unassigned_root_bus_resources() to assign
>>> all the BARs.  Then we call pci_create_sysfs_dev_files(), where
>>> pci_create_resource_files() creates a "resource%d" file for each
>>> BAR.
>>>
>>> But since we're trying to find the GPU that was used by BIOS, I
>>> assume its BARs were programmed by BIOS and we shouldn't have to
>>> wait until after pci_assign_unassigned_root_bus_resources().
>>
>> Yes it was screen_info_pci_dev() and __screen_info_pci_dev().  The
>> resources weren't ready on the first call into
>> __screen_info_pci_dev().
>>
>> That's why the attribute needed to be created later.
> 
> I don't understand this.  IIUC, screen_info contains addresses
> programmed by BIOS.  If we want to use that to match with a PCI
> device, we have to compare with the BAR contents *before* Linux does
> any assignments of its own.
> 
> So the only thing this should depend on is the BAR value at BIOS ->
> Linux handoff, which we know at the time of device_add(), and we
> should be able to do something like this:
> 
>    bool pci_video_is_primary_device(struct pci_dev *pdev)
>    {
>      struct screen_info *si = &screen_info;
>      struct resource res[SCREEN_INFO_MAX_RESOURCES];
>      ssize_t i, numres;
> 
>      numres = screen_info_resources(si, res, ARRAY_SIZE(res));
>      ...
> 
>      for (i = 0; i < numres; ++i) {
>        if (pci_find_resource(pdev, &res[i]))
>          return true;
>      }
> 
>      return false;
>    }
> 
>    static umode_t pci_dev_boot_display_is_visible(...)
>    {
>      struct pci_dev *pdev = to_pci_dev(kobj_to_dev(kobj));
> 
>      if (pci_video_is_primary_device(pdev))
>        return a->mode;
> 
>      return 0;
>    }
> 
> We should be able to check each BAR of each device in this path, with
> no loop through the devices at all:
> 
>    pci_device_add
>      device_add
>        device_add_attrs
>          device_add_groups
>            ...
>              create_files
>                grp->is_visible()
>                  pci_dev_boot_display_is_visible
> 
> Bjorn

You're spot on, I did a test and this works.  I'll clean it up and put 
it on the list and we can decide between this way and moving to drm.