[PATCH v5 04/23] rust: add new `num` module with `PowerOfTwo` type

[Boqun Feng]

On Fri, Jun 13, 2025 at 11:16:10PM +0900, Alexandre Courbot wrote:
[...]
> >> +#[repr(transparent)]
> >> +pub struct PowerOfTwo<T>(T);
> >> +
> >> +macro_rules! power_of_two_impl {
> >> +    ($($t:ty),+) => {
> >> +        $(
> >> +            impl PowerOfTwo<$t> {
> >> +                /// Validates that `v` is a power of two at build-time, and returns it wrapped into
> >> +                /// `PowerOfTwo`.
> >> +                ///
> >> +                /// A build error is triggered if `v` cannot be asserted to be a power of two.
> >> +                ///
> >> +                /// # Examples
> >> +                ///
> >> +                /// ```
> >> +                /// use kernel::num::PowerOfTwo;
> >> +                ///
> >> +                /// let v = PowerOfTwo::<u32>::new(256);
> >> +                /// assert_eq!(v.value(), 256);
> >> +                /// ```
> >> +                #[inline(always)]
> >> +                pub const fn new(v: $t) -> Self {
> >
> > Then this function should be unsafe, because an invalid `v` can create
> > an invalid PowerOfTwo.
> 
> Doesn't the `build_assert` below allow us to keep this method safe,
> since it will fail at build-time if it cannot be asserted that `v` is a
> power of two?
> 

You're right, I misunderstood a bit, so if compiler cannot be sure about
the assertion from build_assert!() it'll still generate a build error,
i.e. even for cases like:

    pub fn my_power_of_two(v: i32) -> PowerOfTwo<i32> {
        PowerOfTwo::new(v)
    }

where `v` is a user input and the value is unknown at the build time.
build_assert!() will trigger.

Regards,
Boqun

> >
> >> +                    build_assert!(v.count_ones() == 1);
> >> +                    Self(v)
> >> +                }
[...]