[PATCH v2] drm/gem: Acquire references on GEM handles for framebuffers

Christian König christian.koenig at amd.com
Mon Jun 30 08:49:45 UTC 2025


On 30.06.25 10:36, Thomas Zimmermann wrote:
> A GEM handle can be released while the GEM buffer object is attached
> to a DRM framebuffer. This leads to the release of the dma-buf backing
> the buffer object, if any. [1] Trying to use the framebuffer in further
> mode-setting operations leads to a segmentation fault. Most easily
> happens with driver that use shadow planes for vmap-ing the dma-buf
> during a page flip. An example is shown below.
> 
> [  156.791968] ------------[ cut here ]------------
> [  156.796830] WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 2255 at drivers/dma-buf/dma-buf.c:1527 dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430
> [...]
> [  156.942028] RIP: 0010:dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430
> [  157.043420] Call Trace:
> [  157.045898]  <TASK>
> [  157.048030]  ? show_trace_log_lvl+0x1af/0x2c0
> [  157.052436]  ? show_trace_log_lvl+0x1af/0x2c0
> [  157.056836]  ? show_trace_log_lvl+0x1af/0x2c0
> [  157.061253]  ? drm_gem_shmem_vmap+0x74/0x710
> [  157.065567]  ? dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430
> [  157.069446]  ? __warn.cold+0x58/0xe4
> [  157.073061]  ? dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430
> [  157.077111]  ? report_bug+0x1dd/0x390
> [  157.080842]  ? handle_bug+0x5e/0xa0
> [  157.084389]  ? exc_invalid_op+0x14/0x50
> [  157.088291]  ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x16/0x20
> [  157.092548]  ? dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430
> [  157.096663]  ? dma_resv_get_singleton+0x6d/0x230
> [  157.101341]  ? __pfx_dma_buf_vmap+0x10/0x10
> [  157.105588]  ? __pfx_dma_resv_get_singleton+0x10/0x10
> [  157.110697]  drm_gem_shmem_vmap+0x74/0x710
> [  157.114866]  drm_gem_vmap+0xa9/0x1b0
> [  157.118763]  drm_gem_vmap_unlocked+0x46/0xa0
> [  157.123086]  drm_gem_fb_vmap+0xab/0x300
> [  157.126979]  drm_atomic_helper_prepare_planes.part.0+0x487/0xb10
> [  157.133032]  ? lockdep_init_map_type+0x19d/0x880
> [  157.137701]  drm_atomic_helper_commit+0x13d/0x2e0
> [  157.142671]  ? drm_atomic_nonblocking_commit+0xa0/0x180
> [  157.147988]  drm_mode_atomic_ioctl+0x766/0xe40
> [...]
> [  157.346424] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
> 
> Acquiring GEM handles for the framebuffer's GEM buffer objects prevents
> this from happening. The framebuffer's cleanup later puts the handle
> references.
> 
> Commit 1a148af06000 ("drm/gem-shmem: Use dma_buf from GEM object
> instance") triggers the segmentation fault easily by using the dma-buf
> field more widely. The underlying issue with reference counting has
> been present before.
> 
> v2:
> - acquire the handle instead of the BO (Christian)
> - fix comment style (Christian)
> - drop the Fixes tag (Christian)
> - rename err_ gotos
> - add missing Link tag
> 
> Suggested-by: Christian König <christian.koenig at amd.com>
> Signed-off-by: Thomas Zimmermann <tzimmermann at suse.de>

Reviewed-by: Christian König <christian.koenig at amd.com>

But I strongly suggest to let the different CI systems take a look as well, we already had to much fun with that.

Regards,
Christian.

> Link: https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v6.15/source/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c#L241 # [1]
> Cc: Thomas Zimmermann <tzimmermann at suse.de>
> Cc: Anusha Srivatsa <asrivats at redhat.com>
> Cc: Christian König <christian.koenig at amd.com>
> Cc: Maarten Lankhorst <maarten.lankhorst at linux.intel.com>
> Cc: Maxime Ripard <mripard at kernel.org>
> Cc: Sumit Semwal <sumit.semwal at linaro.org>
> Cc: "Christian König" <christian.koenig at amd.com>
> Cc: linux-media at vger.kernel.org
> Cc: dri-devel at lists.freedesktop.org
> Cc: linaro-mm-sig at lists.linaro.org
> Cc: <stable at vger.kernel.org>
> ---
>  drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c                    | 44 ++++++++++++++++++--
>  drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_framebuffer_helper.c | 16 +++----
>  drivers/gpu/drm/drm_internal.h               |  2 +
>  3 files changed, 51 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c
> index 19d50d254fe6..bc505d938b3e 100644
> --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c
> +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c
> @@ -213,6 +213,35 @@ void drm_gem_private_object_fini(struct drm_gem_object *obj)
>  }
>  EXPORT_SYMBOL(drm_gem_private_object_fini);
>  
> +static void drm_gem_object_handle_get(struct drm_gem_object *obj)
> +{
> +	struct drm_device *dev = obj->dev;
> +
> +	drm_WARN_ON(dev, !mutex_is_locked(&dev->object_name_lock));
> +
> +	if (obj->handle_count++ == 0)
> +		drm_gem_object_get(obj);
> +}
> +
> +/**
> + * drm_gem_object_handle_get_unlocked - acquire reference on user-space handles
> + * @obj: GEM object
> + *
> + * Acquires a reference on the GEM buffer object's handle. Required
> + * to keep the GEM object alive. Call drm_gem_object_handle_put_unlocked()
> + * to release the reference.
> + */
> +void drm_gem_object_handle_get_unlocked(struct drm_gem_object *obj)
> +{
> +	struct drm_device *dev = obj->dev;
> +
> +	guard(mutex)(&dev->object_name_lock);
> +
> +	drm_WARN_ON(dev, !obj->handle_count); /* first ref taken in create-tail helper */
> +	drm_gem_object_handle_get(obj);
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL(drm_gem_object_handle_get_unlocked);
> +
>  /**
>   * drm_gem_object_handle_free - release resources bound to userspace handles
>   * @obj: GEM object to clean up.
> @@ -243,8 +272,14 @@ static void drm_gem_object_exported_dma_buf_free(struct drm_gem_object *obj)
>  	}
>  }
>  
> -static void
> -drm_gem_object_handle_put_unlocked(struct drm_gem_object *obj)
> +/**
> + * drm_gem_object_handle_put_unlocked - releases reference on user-space handles
> + * @obj: GEM object
> + *
> + * Releases a reference on the GEM buffer object's handle. Possibly releases
> + * the GEM buffer object and associated dma-buf objects.
> + */
> +void drm_gem_object_handle_put_unlocked(struct drm_gem_object *obj)
>  {
>  	struct drm_device *dev = obj->dev;
>  	bool final = false;
> @@ -269,6 +304,7 @@ drm_gem_object_handle_put_unlocked(struct drm_gem_object *obj)
>  	if (final)
>  		drm_gem_object_put(obj);
>  }
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL(drm_gem_object_handle_put_unlocked);
>  
>  /*
>   * Called at device or object close to release the file's
> @@ -390,8 +426,8 @@ drm_gem_handle_create_tail(struct drm_file *file_priv,
>  	int ret;
>  
>  	WARN_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&dev->object_name_lock));
> -	if (obj->handle_count++ == 0)
> -		drm_gem_object_get(obj);
> +
> +	drm_gem_object_handle_get(obj);
>  
>  	/*
>  	 * Get the user-visible handle using idr.  Preload and perform
> diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_framebuffer_helper.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_framebuffer_helper.c
> index 618ce725cd75..c60d0044d036 100644
> --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_framebuffer_helper.c
> +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_framebuffer_helper.c
> @@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ void drm_gem_fb_destroy(struct drm_framebuffer *fb)
>  	unsigned int i;
>  
>  	for (i = 0; i < fb->format->num_planes; i++)
> -		drm_gem_object_put(fb->obj[i]);
> +		drm_gem_object_handle_put_unlocked(fb->obj[i]);
>  
>  	drm_framebuffer_cleanup(fb);
>  	kfree(fb);
> @@ -183,8 +183,10 @@ int drm_gem_fb_init_with_funcs(struct drm_device *dev,
>  		if (!objs[i]) {
>  			drm_dbg_kms(dev, "Failed to lookup GEM object\n");
>  			ret = -ENOENT;
> -			goto err_gem_object_put;
> +			goto err_gem_object_handle_put_unlocked;
>  		}
> +		drm_gem_object_handle_get_unlocked(objs[i]);
> +		drm_gem_object_put(objs[i]);
>  
>  		min_size = (height - 1) * mode_cmd->pitches[i]
>  			 + drm_format_info_min_pitch(info, i, width)
> @@ -194,22 +196,22 @@ int drm_gem_fb_init_with_funcs(struct drm_device *dev,
>  			drm_dbg_kms(dev,
>  				    "GEM object size (%zu) smaller than minimum size (%u) for plane %d\n",
>  				    objs[i]->size, min_size, i);
> -			drm_gem_object_put(objs[i]);
> +			drm_gem_object_handle_put_unlocked(objs[i]);
>  			ret = -EINVAL;
> -			goto err_gem_object_put;
> +			goto err_gem_object_handle_put_unlocked;
>  		}
>  	}
>  
>  	ret = drm_gem_fb_init(dev, fb, mode_cmd, objs, i, funcs);
>  	if (ret)
> -		goto err_gem_object_put;
> +		goto err_gem_object_handle_put_unlocked;
>  
>  	return 0;
>  
> -err_gem_object_put:
> +err_gem_object_handle_put_unlocked:
>  	while (i > 0) {
>  		--i;
> -		drm_gem_object_put(objs[i]);
> +		drm_gem_object_handle_put_unlocked(objs[i]);
>  	}
>  	return ret;
>  }
> diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_internal.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_internal.h
> index 442eb31351dd..f7b414a813ae 100644
> --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_internal.h
> +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_internal.h
> @@ -161,6 +161,8 @@ void drm_sysfs_lease_event(struct drm_device *dev);
>  
>  /* drm_gem.c */
>  int drm_gem_init(struct drm_device *dev);
> +void drm_gem_object_handle_get_unlocked(struct drm_gem_object *obj);
> +void drm_gem_object_handle_put_unlocked(struct drm_gem_object *obj);
>  int drm_gem_handle_create_tail(struct drm_file *file_priv,
>  			       struct drm_gem_object *obj,
>  			       u32 *handlep);



More information about the dri-devel mailing list