[Intel-gfx] [PATCH v3 2/3] drm/i915: Fix userptr deadlock with aliased GTT mmappings
Tvrtko Ursulin
tvrtko.ursulin at linux.intel.com
Wed Sep 9 06:56:16 PDT 2015
Hi,
On 08/10/2015 09:51 AM, Chris Wilson wrote:
> Michał Winiarski found a really evil way to trigger a struct_mutex
> deadlock with userptr. He found that if he allocated a userptr bo and
> then GTT mmaped another bo, or even itself, at the same address as the
> userptr using MAP_FIXED, he could then cause a deadlock any time we then
> had to invalidate the GTT mmappings (so at will). Tvrtko then found by
> repeatedly allocating GTT mmappings he could alias with an old userptr
> mmap and also trigger the deadlock.
>
> To counter act the deadlock, we make the observation that we only need
> to take the struct_mutex if the object has any pages to revoke, and that
> before userspace can alias with the userptr address space, it must have
> invalidated the userptr->pages. Thus if we can check for those pages
> outside of the struct_mutex, we can avoid the deadlock. To do so we
> introduce a separate flag for userptr objects that we can inspect from
> the mmu-notifier underneath its spinlock.
>
> The patch makes one eye-catching change. That is the removal serial=0
> after detecting a to-be-freed object inside the invalidate walker. I
> felt setting serial=0 was a questionable pessimisation: it denies us the
> chance to reuse the current iterator for the next loop (before it is
> freed) and being explicit makes the reader question the validity of the
> locking (since the object-free race could occur elsewhere). The
> serialisation of the iterator is through the spinlock, if the object is
> freed before the next loop then the notifier.serial will be incremented
> and we start the walk from the beginning as we detect the invalid cache.
>
> To try and tame the error paths and interactions with the userptr->active
> flag, we have to do a fair amount of rearranging of get_pages_userptr().
>
> v2: Grammar fixes
> v3: Reorder set-active so that it is only set when obj->pages is set
> (and so needs cancellation). Only the order of setting obj->pages and
> the active-flag is crucial. Calling gup after invalidate-range begin
> means the userptr sees the new set of backing storage (and so will not
> need to invalidate its new pages), but we have to be careful not to set
> the active-flag prior to successfully establishing obj->pages.
> v4: Take the active->flag early so we know in the mmu-notifier when we
> have to cancel a pending gup-worker.
>
> Reported-by: Michał Winiarski <michal.winiarski at intel.com>
> Testcase: igt/gem_userptr_blits/map-fixed*
> Signed-off-by: Chris Wilson <chris at chris-wilson.co.uk>
> Cc: Michał Winiarski <michal.winiarski at intel.com>
> Cc: Tvrtko Ursulin <tvrtko.ursulin at intel.com>
> Cc: stable at vger.kernel.org
> ---
> drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_userptr.c | 111 ++++++++++++++++++++++----------
> 1 file changed, 78 insertions(+), 33 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_userptr.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_userptr.c
> index 800a5394aa1e..e21f885db87b 100644
> --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_userptr.c
> +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_userptr.c
> @@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ struct i915_mmu_object {
> struct interval_tree_node it;
> struct list_head link;
> struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj;
> + bool active;
> bool is_linear;
> };
>
> @@ -114,7 +115,8 @@ restart:
>
> obj = mo->obj;
>
> - if (!kref_get_unless_zero(&obj->base.refcount))
> + if (!mo->active ||
> + !kref_get_unless_zero(&obj->base.refcount))
> continue;
>
> spin_unlock(&mn->lock);
> @@ -151,7 +153,8 @@ static void i915_gem_userptr_mn_invalidate_range_start(struct mmu_notifier *_mn,
> else
> it = interval_tree_iter_first(&mn->objects, start, end);
> if (it != NULL) {
> - obj = container_of(it, struct i915_mmu_object, it)->obj;
> + struct i915_mmu_object *mo =
> + container_of(it, struct i915_mmu_object, it);
>
> /* The mmu_object is released late when destroying the
> * GEM object so it is entirely possible to gain a
> @@ -160,11 +163,9 @@ static void i915_gem_userptr_mn_invalidate_range_start(struct mmu_notifier *_mn,
> * the struct_mutex - and consequently use it after it
> * is freed and then double free it.
> */
> - if (!kref_get_unless_zero(&obj->base.refcount)) {
> - spin_unlock(&mn->lock);
> - serial = 0;
> - continue;
> - }
> + if (mo->active &&
> + kref_get_unless_zero(&mo->obj->base.refcount))
> + obj = mo->obj;
>
> serial = mn->serial;
> }
> @@ -566,6 +567,30 @@ __i915_gem_userptr_set_pages(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj,
> }
>
> static void
> +__i915_gem_userptr_set_active(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj,
> + bool value)
> +{
> + /* During mm_invalidate_range we need to cancel any userptr that
> + * overlaps the range being invalidated. Doing so requires the
> + * struct_mutex, and that risks recursion. In order to cause
> + * recursion, the user must alias the userptr address space with
> + * a GTT mmapping (possible with a MAP_FIXED) - then when we have
> + * to invalidate that mmaping, mm_invalidate_range is called with
> + * the userptr address *and* the struct_mutex held. To prevent that
> + * we set a flag under the i915_mmu_notifier spinlock to indicate
> + * whether this object is valid.
> + */
> +#if defined(CONFIG_MMU_NOTIFIER)
> + if (obj->userptr.mmu_object == NULL)
> + return;
> +
> + spin_lock(&obj->userptr.mmu_object->mn->lock);
> + obj->userptr.mmu_object->active = value;
> + spin_unlock(&obj->userptr.mmu_object->mn->lock);
> +#endif
> +}
> +
> +static void
> __i915_gem_userptr_get_pages_worker(struct work_struct *_work)
> {
> struct get_pages_work *work = container_of(_work, typeof(*work), work);
> @@ -613,6 +638,8 @@ __i915_gem_userptr_get_pages_worker(struct work_struct *_work)
> }
> }
> obj->userptr.work = ERR_PTR(ret);
> + if (ret)
> + __i915_gem_userptr_set_active(obj, false);
> }
>
> obj->userptr.workers--;
> @@ -649,6 +676,18 @@ i915_gem_userptr_get_pages(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj)
> * to the vma (discard or cloning) which should prevent the more
> * egregious cases from causing harm.
> */
> + if (IS_ERR(obj->userptr.work)) {
> + /* active flag will have been dropped already by the worker */
> + ret = PTR_ERR(obj->userptr.work);
> + obj->userptr.work = NULL;
> + return ret;
> + }
> + if (obj->userptr.work)
> + /* active flag should still be held for the pending work */
> + return -EAGAIN;
> +
> + /* Let the mmu-notifier know that we have begun and need cancellation */
> + __i915_gem_userptr_set_active(obj, true);
>
> pvec = NULL;
> pinned = 0;
> @@ -657,8 +696,10 @@ i915_gem_userptr_get_pages(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj)
> GFP_TEMPORARY | __GFP_NOWARN | __GFP_NORETRY);
> if (pvec == NULL) {
> pvec = drm_malloc_ab(num_pages, sizeof(struct page *));
> - if (pvec == NULL)
> - return -ENOMEM;
> + if (pvec == NULL) {
> + ret = -ENOMEM;
> + goto err;
> + }
> }
>
> pinned = __get_user_pages_fast(obj->userptr.ptr, num_pages,
> @@ -667,7 +708,7 @@ i915_gem_userptr_get_pages(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj)
> if (pinned < num_pages) {
> if (pinned < 0) {
> ret = pinned;
> - pinned = 0;
> + goto err;
> } else {
> /* Spawn a worker so that we can acquire the
> * user pages without holding our mutex. Access
> @@ -688,44 +729,47 @@ i915_gem_userptr_get_pages(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj)
> * that error back to this function through
> * obj->userptr.work = ERR_PTR.
> */
> +
> ret = -EAGAIN;
> - if (obj->userptr.work == NULL &&
> - obj->userptr.workers < I915_GEM_USERPTR_MAX_WORKERS) {
> + if (obj->userptr.workers < I915_GEM_USERPTR_MAX_WORKERS) {
> struct get_pages_work *work;
>
> work = kmalloc(sizeof(*work), GFP_KERNEL);
> - if (work != NULL) {
> - obj->userptr.work = &work->work;
> - obj->userptr.workers++;
> + if (work == NULL) {
> + ret = -ENOMEM;
> + goto err;
> + }
> + obj->userptr.work = &work->work;
> + obj->userptr.workers++;
>
> - work->obj = obj;
> - drm_gem_object_reference(&obj->base);
> + work->obj = obj;
> + drm_gem_object_reference(&obj->base);
>
> - work->task = current;
> - get_task_struct(work->task);
> + work->task = current;
> + get_task_struct(work->task);
>
> - INIT_WORK(&work->work, __i915_gem_userptr_get_pages_worker);
> - schedule_work(&work->work);
> - } else
> - ret = -ENOMEM;
> - } else {
> - if (IS_ERR(obj->userptr.work)) {
> - ret = PTR_ERR(obj->userptr.work);
> - obj->userptr.work = NULL;
> - }
> + INIT_WORK(&work->work,
> + __i915_gem_userptr_get_pages_worker);
> + schedule_work(&work->work);
> }
> + goto err_active;
> }
> } else {
> ret = __i915_gem_userptr_set_pages(obj, pvec, num_pages);
> - if (ret == 0) {
> - obj->userptr.work = NULL;
> - pinned = 0;
> - }
> + if (ret)
> + goto err;
> }
>
> - release_pages(pvec, pinned, 0);
> +out:
> drm_free_large(pvec);
> return ret;
> +
> +err:
> + /* No pages here, no need for the mmu-notifier to wake us */
> + __i915_gem_userptr_set_active(obj, false);
> +err_active:
> + release_pages(pvec, pinned, 0);
> + goto out;
> }
I don't like the goto dance. Would something like the below be clearer?
========================================================================
static int
i915_gem_userptr_get_pages(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj)
{
const int num_pages = obj->base.size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
struct page **pvec;
int pinned, ret;
/* If userspace should engineer that these pages are replaced in
* the vma between us binding this page into the GTT and completion
* of rendering... Their loss. If they change the mapping of their
* pages they need to create a new bo to point to the new vma.
*
* However, that still leaves open the possibility of the vma
* being copied upon fork. Which falls under the same userspace
* synchronisation issue as a regular bo, except that this time
* the process may not be expecting that a particular piece of
* memory is tied to the GPU.
*
* Fortunately, we can hook into the mmu_notifier in order to
* discard the page references prior to anything nasty happening
* to the vma (discard or cloning) which should prevent the more
* egregious cases from causing harm.
*/
if (IS_ERR(obj->userptr.work)) {
/* active flag will have been dropped already by the worker */
ret = PTR_ERR(obj->userptr.work);
obj->userptr.work = NULL;
return ret;
}
if (obj->userptr.work)
/* active flag should still be held for the pending work */
return -EAGAIN;
/* Let the mmu-notifier know that we have begun and need cancellation */
__i915_gem_userptr_set_active(obj, true);
pvec = NULL;
pinned = 0;
if (obj->userptr.mm->mm == current->mm) {
pvec = kmalloc(num_pages*sizeof(struct page *),
GFP_TEMPORARY | __GFP_NOWARN | __GFP_NORETRY);
if (pvec == NULL) {
pvec = drm_malloc_ab(num_pages, sizeof(struct page *));
if (pvec == NULL) {
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto err_pvec;
}
}
pinned = __get_user_pages_fast(obj->userptr.ptr, num_pages,
!obj->userptr.read_only, pvec);
}
if (pinned == num_pages) {
ret = __i915_gem_userptr_set_pages(obj, pvec, num_pages);
if (ret)
release_pages(pvec, pinned, 0);
goto out_gup;
} else if (pinned < 0)
ret = pinned;
goto out_gup;
}
/* Spawn a worker so that we can acquire the
* user pages without holding our mutex. Access
* to the user pages requires mmap_sem, and we have
* a strict lock ordering of mmap_sem, struct_mutex -
* we already hold struct_mutex here and so cannot
* call gup without encountering a lock inversion.
*
* Userspace will keep on repeating the operation
* (thanks to EAGAIN) until either we hit the fast
* path or the worker completes. If the worker is
* cancelled or superseded, the task is still run
* but the results ignored. (This leads to
* complications that we may have a stray object
* refcount that we need to be wary of when
* checking for existing objects during creation.)
* If the worker encounters an error, it reports
* that error back to this function through
* obj->userptr.work = ERR_PTR.
*/
if (pvec) {
release_pages(pvec, pinned, 0);
drm_free_large(pvec);
}
ret = -EAGAIN;
if (obj->userptr.workers < I915_GEM_USERPTR_MAX_WORKERS) {
struct get_pages_work *work;
work = kmalloc(sizeof(*work), GFP_KERNEL);
if (work == NULL) {
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto err_pvec;
}
obj->userptr.work = &work->work;
obj->userptr.workers++;
work->obj = obj;
drm_gem_object_reference(&obj->base);
work->task = current;
get_task_struct(work->task);
INIT_WORK(&work->work,
__i915_gem_userptr_get_pages_worker);
schedule_work(&work->work);
}
return ret;
out_gup:
drm_free_large(pvec);
err_pvec:
/* All done, no need for the mmu-notifier to wake us */
__i915_gem_userptr_set_active(obj, false);
return ret;
}
======================================================================
I think it is correct but please double check me. Maybe needs more comments
for the main three options (gup ok, gup fail, gup incomplete) but I think it
is worth if for nothing for avoidance of goto up-down jumps.
Regards,
Tvrtko
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