[systemd-devel] [PATCH v3] systemctl: add edit verb

Ronny Chevalier chevalier.ronny at gmail.com
Tue Oct 21 17:13:43 PDT 2014


2014-10-22 1:48 GMT+02:00 Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek <zbyszek at in.waw.pl>:
> On Sat, Oct 18, 2014 at 06:30:02PM +0200, Ronny Chevalier wrote:
>> It helps editing units by either creating a drop-in file, like
>> /etc/systemd/system/my.service.d/amendments.conf, or by copying the
>> original unit from /usr/lib/systemd/ to /etc/systemd/ if the --full
>> option is specified. Then it invokes an editor to the related files
>> and daemon-reload is invoked when the editor exited successfully.
>
> Hm, this sequence doesn't sound right. A temporary file should be
> created, edited, and then atomically put in place, iff the editor
> exits successfully.  I think we should follow in the footsteps of git
> here... and abort if the editor exits with an error.
You are right, I will rework it this way.

>
> I'm not sure abou the name 'amendments.conf'. Wouldn't 'local.conf'
> be more idiomatic, and also easier to type?
Ok

>
>> See https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=906824
>> ---
>>  TODO                      |   2 -
>>  man/journalctl.xml        |   6 +-
>>  man/less-variables.xml    |  40 +++--
>>  man/localectl.xml         |   6 +-
>>  man/loginctl.xml          |   6 +-
>>  man/machinectl.xml        |   6 +-
>>  man/systemctl.xml         |  49 +++++-
>>  man/systemd-analyze.xml   |   6 +-
>>  man/timedatectl.xml       |   6 +-
>>  src/systemctl/systemctl.c | 394 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
>>  10 files changed, 488 insertions(+), 33 deletions(-)
> There's no need to mangle all the xml files. It is possible
> to include specific parts of a file. See how standard-options.xml
> incorporated whole, and sometimes just specific parts using
> <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="..." />.
Ok I will look into this.

>
>> -        <xi:include href="less-variables.xml" />
>> +        <refsect1>
>> +                <title>Environment</title>
>> +
>> +                <xi:include href="less-variables.xml" />
>> +        </refsect1>
>>
>
>> +        <varlistentry>
>> +          <term><command>edit <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
>> +
>> +          <listitem>
>> +            <para>Edit one or more unit files, as specified on the command
>> +            line.</para>
> This wording is misleading, because the unit file actually will not be *edited*,
> but extended in the normal case where --full is not used.
>
> I'm missing an explanatory sentence here, something like "An editor will be launched
> to edit a drop-in snippet (or a whole replacement file if --full is used), to extend
> or override the specified unit." Then the next paragraph about --system/--user/--global
> will be more natural.
You are right, it's better this way.

>
>> +
>> +            <para>Depending on whether <option>--system</option> (the default),
>> +            <option>--user</option>, or <option>--global</option> is specified,
>> +            this create a drop-in file for each units either for the system,
>> +            for the calling user or for all futures logins of all users. Then
>> +            the editor is invoked on them (see section "Environment" below).</para>
>> +
>> +            <para>If <option>--full</option> is specified, this will copy the original
>> +            units instead of creating drop-in files.</para>
>> +
>> +            <para>After the units have been edited, the systemd configuration is
>> +            reloaded (in a way that is equivalent to <command>daemon-reload</command>),
>> +            but it does not restart or reload the units.</para>
>> +
>> +            <para>Note that this command cannot be used with <option>--runtime</option> or
>> +            to remotely edit units.</para>
>> +          </listitem>
>> +        </varlistentry>
>>        </variablelist>
>>      </refsect2>
>>
>
>> +    <variablelist class='environment-variables'>
>> +      <varlistentry>
>> +        <term><varname>$SYSTEMD_EDITOR</varname></term>
>> +
>> +        <listitem><para>Editor to use when editing units; overrides
>> +        <varname>$EDITOR</varname> and <varname>$VISUAL</varname>. If neither
>> +        <varname>$SYSTEMD_EDITOR</varname> nor <varname>$EDITOR</varname> nor
>> +        <varname>$VISUAL</varname> are present or if it is set to an empty
>> +        string or if their execution failed, systemctl will try to execute well
>> +        known editors in this order:
>> +        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>nano</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
>> +        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>vim</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
>> +        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>vi</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
>> +        </para></listitem>
>> +      </varlistentry>
>> +    </variablelist>
>> +    <xi:include href="less-variables.xml" />
>> +  </refsect1>
>>
>>    <refsect1>
>>      <title>See Also</title>
>> @@ -1572,7 +1617,7 @@ kobject-uevent 1 systemd-udevd-kernel.socket systemd-udevd.service
>>        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.resource-management</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
>>        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.special</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
>>        <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>wall</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
>> -      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.preset</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
>> +      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.preset</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
>>        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>glob</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>
>>      </para>
>>    </refsect1>
>> diff --git a/man/systemd-analyze.xml b/man/systemd-analyze.xml
>> index 073e807..0dd21a5 100644
>> --- a/man/systemd-analyze.xml
>> +++ b/man/systemd-analyze.xml
>> @@ -383,7 +383,11 @@ Service b at 0.service not loaded, b.socket cannot be started.
>>                  </example>
>>          </refsect1>
>>
>> -        <xi:include href="less-variables.xml" />
>> +        <refsect1>
>> +                <title>Environment</title>
>> +
>> +                <xi:include href="less-variables.xml" />
>> +        </refsect1>
>>
>>          <refsect1>
>>                  <title>See Also</title>
>> diff --git a/man/timedatectl.xml b/man/timedatectl.xml
>> index f3edb8d..849cc06 100644
>> --- a/man/timedatectl.xml
>> +++ b/man/timedatectl.xml
>> @@ -197,7 +197,11 @@
>>                  code otherwise.</para>
>>          </refsect1>
>>
>> -        <xi:include href="less-variables.xml" />
>> +        <refsect1>
>> +                <title>Environment</title>
>> +
>> +                <xi:include href="less-variables.xml" />
>> +        </refsect1>
>>
>>          <refsect1>
>>                  <title>Examples</title>
>> diff --git a/src/systemctl/systemctl.c b/src/systemctl/systemctl.c
>> index 28eaa6a..619f7e0 100644
>> --- a/src/systemctl/systemctl.c
>> +++ b/src/systemctl/systemctl.c
>> @@ -72,6 +72,8 @@
>>  #include "bus-message.h"
>>  #include "bus-error.h"
>>  #include "bus-errors.h"
>> +#include "copy.h"
>> +#include "mkdir.h"
>>
>>  static char **arg_types = NULL;
>>  static char **arg_states = NULL;
>> @@ -5642,6 +5644,393 @@ static int is_system_running(sd_bus *bus, char **args) {
>>          return streq(state, "running") ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE;
>>  }
>>
>> +static int unit_file_find_path(LookupPaths *lp, const char *unit_name, char **unit_path) {
>> +        char **p;
>> +
>> +        assert(lp);
>> +        assert(unit_name);
>> +        assert(unit_path);
>> +
>> +        STRV_FOREACH(p, lp->unit_path) {
>> +                char *path;
>> +
>> +                path = strjoin(*p, "/", unit_name, NULL);
>> +                if (!path)
>> +                        return log_oom();
>> +
>> +                if (access(path, F_OK) == 0) {
>> +                        *unit_path = path;
>> +                        return 1;
>> +                }
>> +
>> +                free(path);
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        return 0;
>> +}
>> +
>
> I'm pretty sure we should support root_dir here. After all, we
> support it for more of systemctl commands. It'd be especially convenient
> in this case, since it's easy to mess up the paths for a chroot.
I use LookupPaths, created with lookup_paths_init, which already
handle arg_root.

>
>> +static int unit_file_drop_in(const char *unit_name, const char *config_home, char **new_path) {
>> +        char *tmp_path;
>> +        int r;
>> +
>> +        assert(unit_name);
>> +        assert(new_path);
>> +
>> +        switch (arg_scope) {
>> +                case UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM:
>> +                        tmp_path = strjoin(SYSTEM_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH, "/", unit_name, ".d/amendments.conf", NULL);
>> +                        break;
>> +                case UNIT_FILE_GLOBAL:
>> +                        tmp_path = strjoin(USER_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH, "/", unit_name, ".d/amendments.conf", NULL);
>> +                        break;
>> +                case UNIT_FILE_USER:
>> +                        assert(config_home);
>> +                        tmp_path = strjoin(config_home, "/", unit_name, ".d/amendments.conf", NULL);
>> +                        break;
>> +                default:
>> +                        assert_not_reached("Invalid scope");
>> +        }
>> +        if (!tmp_path)
>> +                return log_oom();
>> +
>> +        r = mkdir_parents(tmp_path, 0755);
>> +        if (r < 0) {
>> +                log_error("Failed to create directories for %s: %s", tmp_path, strerror(-r));
>> +                free(tmp_path);
>> +                return r;
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        *new_path = tmp_path;
>> +
>> +        return 0;
>> +}
>> +
>> +static int unit_file_copy_if_needed(const char *unit_name, const char *fragment_path, char **new_path) {
>> +        char *tmp_path;
>> +        int r;
>> +
>> +        assert(fragment_path);
>> +        assert(unit_name);
>> +        assert(new_path);
>> +
>> +        /* If it's a unit for the --user scope there is no need to copy it, it's already in the right directory.
>> +         * Same if this is --system/--global scope and the file is in {SYSTEM,USER}_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH
>> +         */
>> +        if (arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_USER
>> +            || startswith(fragment_path, SYSTEM_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH)
>> +            || startswith(fragment_path, USER_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH)) {
>> +                *new_path = strdup(fragment_path);
>> +                if (!*new_path)
>> +                        return log_oom();
>> +                return 0;
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        switch (arg_scope) {
>> +                case UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM:
>> +                        tmp_path = strjoin(SYSTEM_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH, "/", unit_name, NULL);
>> +                        break;
>> +                case UNIT_FILE_GLOBAL:
>> +                        tmp_path = strjoin(USER_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH, "/", unit_name, NULL);
>> +                        break;
>> +                default:
>> +                        assert_not_reached("Invalid scope");
>> +        }
>> +        if (!tmp_path)
>> +                return log_oom();
>> +
>> +        if (access(tmp_path, F_OK) == 0) {
>> +                char response;
>> +
>> +                r = ask_char(&response, "yn", "%s already exists, are you sure to overwrite it with %s? [(y)es, (n)o] ", tmp_path, fragment_path);
>> +                if (r < 0) {
>> +                        free(tmp_path);
>> +                        return r;
>> +                }
>> +                if (response != 'y') {
>> +                        log_warning("%s ignored", unit_name);
>> +                        free(tmp_path);
>> +                        return -1;
>> +                }
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        r = mkdir_parents(tmp_path, 0755);
>> +        if (r < 0) {
>> +                log_error("Failed to create directories for %s: %s", tmp_path, strerror(-r));
>> +                free(tmp_path);
>> +                return r;
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        r = copy_file(fragment_path, tmp_path, 0, 0644);
>> +        if (r < 0) {
>> +                log_error("Failed to copy %s to %s: %s", fragment_path, tmp_path, strerror(-r));
>> +                free(tmp_path);
>> +                return r;
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        *new_path = tmp_path;
>> +
>> +        return 0;
>> +}
>> +
>> +static int get_editors(char ***editors) {
>> +        char **tmp_editors = strv_new("nano", "vim", "vi", NULL);
>> +        char *editor;
>> +
>> +        /* SYSTEMD_EDITOR takes precedence over EDITOR which takes precedence over VISUAL
>> +         * If neither SYSTEMD_EDITOR nor EDITOR nor VISUAL are present,
>> +         * we try to execute well known editors
>> +         */
>> +        editor = getenv("SYSTEMD_EDITOR");
>> +        if (!editor)
>> +                editor = getenv("EDITOR");
>> +        if (!editor)
>> +                editor = getenv("VISUAL");
>> +
>> +        if (editor) {
>> +                int r;
>> +
>> +                editor = strdup(editor);
>> +                if (!editor)
>> +                        return log_oom();
>> +
>> +                r = strv_consume_prepend(&tmp_editors, editor);
>> +                if (r < 0)
>> +                        return log_oom();
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        *editors = tmp_editors;
>> +
>> +        return 0;
>> +}
>> +
>> +static int run_editor(char **paths) {
>> +        pid_t pid;
>> +        siginfo_t status;
>> +        int r;
>> +
>> +        assert(paths);
>> +
>> +        pid = fork();
>> +        if (pid < 0) {
>> +                log_error("Failed to fork: %m");
>> +                return -errno;
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        if (pid == 0) {
>> +                _cleanup_strv_free_ char **editors = NULL;
>> +                char *editor;
>> +                char **p;
>> +
>> +                r = get_editors(&editors);
>> +                if (r < 0) {
>> +                        _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
>> +                }
>> +
>> +                STRV_FOREACH(p, editors) {
>> +                        _cleanup_strv_free_ char **args = NULL;
>> +
>> +                        editor = strdup(*p);
>> +                        if (!editor) {
>> +                                log_oom();
>> +                                _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
>> +                        }
>> +
>> +                        args = strv_copy(paths);
>> +                        if (!args) {
>> +                                log_oom();
>> +                                _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
>> +                        }
>> +
>> +                        r = strv_consume_prepend(&args, editor);
>> +                        if (r < 0) {
>> +                                log_oom();
>> +                                _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
>> +                        }
>> +
>> +                        execvp(editor, args);
>> +                        /* We do not fail if the editor doesn't exist
>> +                         * because we want to try each one of them before
>> +                         * failing.
>> +                         */
>> +                        if (errno != ENOENT) {
>> +                                log_error("Failed to execute %s: %m", editor);
>> +                                _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
>> +                        }
>> +                }
>> +
>> +                log_error("Cannot edit unit(s): No editor available. Please set either SYSTEMD_EDITOR or EDITOR or VISUAL environment variable");
>> +                _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status);
>> +        if (r < 0) {
>> +                log_error("Failed to wait for child: %s", strerror(-r));
>> +                return r;
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        return WIFEXITED(status) ? WEXITSTATUS(status) : -1;
> -EINVAL not -1.
>
>> +}
>> +
>> +static int find_units_path(sd_bus *bus, char **names, char ***paths) {
>> +        _cleanup_free_ char *config_home = NULL;
>> +        char **name;
>> +        int r;
>> +
>> +        assert(names);
>> +        assert(paths);
>> +
>> +        if (arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_USER) {
>> +                r = user_config_home(&config_home);
>> +                if (r < 0)
>> +                        return log_oom();
>> +
>> +                if (r == 0) {
>> +                        log_error("Cannot edit units for the user instance: home directory unknown");
>> +                        return -1;
>> +                }
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        if (!bus || avoid_bus()) {
>> +                _cleanup_lookup_paths_free_ LookupPaths lp = {};
>> +
>> +                /* If there is no bus, we try to find the units by testing each available directory
>> +                 * according to the scope.
>> +                 */
>> +                r = lookup_paths_init(&lp,
>> +                                arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM ? SYSTEMD_SYSTEM : SYSTEMD_USER,
>> +                                arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_USER,
>> +                                arg_root,
>> +                                NULL, NULL, NULL);
>> +                if (r < 0) {
>> +                        log_error("Cannot get lookup paths: %s", strerror(-r));
>> +                        return r;
>> +                }
>> +
>> +                STRV_FOREACH(name, names) {
>> +                        _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
>> +                        char *new_path;
>> +
>> +                        r = unit_file_find_path(&lp, *name, &path);
>> +                        if (r < 0)
>> +                                return r;
>> +                        if (r == 0) {
>> +                                log_warning("%s ignored: not found", *name);
>> +                                continue;
>> +                        }
>> +
>> +                        if (arg_full)
>> +                                r = unit_file_copy_if_needed(*name, path, &new_path);
>> +                        else
>> +                                r = unit_file_drop_in(*name, config_home, &new_path);
>> +
>> +                        if (r < 0)
>> +                                continue;
>> +
>> +                        r = strv_push(paths, new_path);
>> +                        if (r < 0)
>> +                                return log_oom();
>> +                }
>> +        } else {
>> +                STRV_FOREACH(name, names) {
>> +                        _cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
>> +                        _cleanup_free_ char *fragment_path = NULL;
>> +                        _cleanup_free_ char *unit = NULL;
>> +                        char *new_path;
>> +
>> +                        unit = unit_dbus_path_from_name(*name);
>> +                        if (!unit)
>> +                                return log_oom();
>> +
>> +                        if (need_daemon_reload(bus, *name) > 0) {
>> +                                log_warning("%s ignored: unit file changed on disk. Run 'systemctl%s daemon-reload'.",
>> +                                        *name, arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM ? "" : " --user");
>> +                                continue;
>> +                        }
>> +
>> +                        r = sd_bus_get_property_string(
>> +                                        bus,
>> +                                        "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
>> +                                        unit,
>> +                                        "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
>> +                                        "FragmentPath",
>> +                                        &error,
>> +                                        &fragment_path);
>> +                        if (r < 0) {
>> +                                log_warning("Failed to get FragmentPath: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
>> +                                continue;
>> +                        }
>> +
>> +                        if (isempty(fragment_path)) {
>> +                                log_warning("%s ignored: not found", *name);
>> +                                continue;
>> +                        }
>> +
>> +                        if (arg_full)
>> +                                r = unit_file_copy_if_needed(*name, fragment_path, &new_path);
>> +                        else
>> +                                r = unit_file_drop_in(*name, config_home, &new_path);
>> +                        if (r < 0)
>> +                                continue;
>> +
>> +                        r = strv_push(paths, new_path);
>> +                        if (r < 0)
>> +                                return log_oom();
>> +                }
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        return 0;
>> +}
>> +
>> +static int edit(sd_bus *bus, char **args) {
>> +        _cleanup_strv_free_ char **names = NULL;
>> +        _cleanup_strv_free_ char **paths = NULL;
>> +        int r;
>> +
>> +        assert(args);
>> +
>> +        if (!on_tty())
>> +                return 0;
> Shouldn't this check be later, just before run_editor? After all,
> edit should fail the same for invalid use cases whether run
> on tty or not.
Yeah it seems better. While thinking about this, would it be better if
we fail in this case whether than no-op without saying nothing ? I
can't see why someone would use this on non-tty ?

>
>> +
>> +        if (arg_transport != BUS_TRANSPORT_LOCAL) {
>> +                log_error("Cannot remotely edit units");
>> +                return -EINVAL;
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        if (arg_runtime) {
>> +                log_error("Cannot edit runtime units");
>> +                return -EINVAL;
>> +        }
>
>> +
>> +        r = expand_names(bus, args + 1, NULL, &names);
>> +        if (r < 0) {
>> +                log_error("Failed to expand names: %s", strerror(-r));
>> +                return r;
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        if (!names) {
>> +                log_error("No unit name found by expanding names");
>> +                return -ENOENT;
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        r = find_units_path(bus, names, &paths);
>> +        if (r < 0)
>> +                return r;
>> +
>> +        if (strv_isempty(paths)) {
>> +                log_error("Cannot find any units to edit");
>> +                return -ENOENT;
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        r = run_editor(paths);
>> +        if (r < 0)
>> +                return r;
>> +
>> +        if (!arg_no_reload)
>> +                r = daemon_reload(bus, args);
>> +
>> +        return r;
>> +}
>> +
>>  static void systemctl_help(void) {
>>
>>          pager_open_if_enabled();
>> @@ -5739,7 +6128,9 @@ static void systemctl_help(void) {
>>                 "  add-requires TARGET NAME...     Add 'Requires' dependency for the target\n"
>>                 "                                  on specified one or more units\n"
>>                 "  get-default                     Get the name of the default target\n"
>> -               "  set-default NAME                Set the default target\n\n"
>> +               "  set-default NAME                Set the default target\n"
>> +               "  edit NAME...                    Edit one or more unit files\n"
>> +               "\n"
>>                 "Machine Commands:\n"
>>                 "  list-machines [PATTERN...]      List local containers and host\n\n"
>>                 "Job Commands:\n"
>> @@ -6750,6 +7141,7 @@ static int systemctl_main(sd_bus *bus, int argc, char *argv[], int bus_error) {
>>                  { "is-system-running",     EQUAL, 1, is_system_running },
>>                  { "add-wants",             MORE,  3, add_dependency,        NOBUS },
>>                  { "add-requires",          MORE,  3, add_dependency,        NOBUS },
>> +                { "edit",                  MORE,  2, edit,             NOBUS },
> Please align the whole table                                              ^ here.
Actually this is aligned, just the two before this one are not, do you
want me to align them ?
>
>>                  {}
>>          }, *verb = verbs;
> Zbyszek

Thanks for the review


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