[systemd-devel] [ANNOUNCE] systemd v230
Dave Reisner
d at falconindy.com
Mon May 23 05:33:57 UTC 2016
On Sat, May 21, 2016 at 10:51:13PM +0000, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek wrote:
> Hi,
>
> systemd v230 has been tagged. Enjoy!
>
> CHANGES WITH 230:
Hi,
One important change missing from this list is 7163e1ca1108d7 -- if you
use systemd in your initramfs and do not add initrd-root-device.target,
bootup may fail due to races.
>
> * DNSSEC is now turned on by default in systemd-resolved (in
> "allow-downgrade" mode), but may be turned off during compile time by
> passing "--with-default-dnssec=no" to "configure" (and of course,
> during runtime with DNSSEC= in resolved.conf). We recommend
> downstreams to leave this on at least during development cycles and
> report any issues with the DNSSEC logic upstream. We are very
> interested in collecting feedback about the DNSSEC validator and its
> limitations in the wild. Note however, that DNSSEC support is
> probably nothing downstreams should turn on in stable distros just
> yet, as it might create incompatibilities with a few DNS servers and
> networks. We tried hard to make sure we downgrade to non-DNSSEC mode
> automatically whenever we detect such incompatible setups, but there
> might be systems we do not cover yet. Hence: please help us testing
> the DNSSEC code, leave this on where you can, report back, but then
> again don't consider turning this on in your stable, LTS or
> production release just yet. (Note that you have to enable
> nss-resolve in /etc/nsswitch.conf, to actually use systemd-resolved
> and its DNSSEC mode for host name resolution from local
> applications.)
>
> * systemd-resolve conveniently resolves DANE records with the --tlsa
> option and OPENPGPKEY records with the --openpgp option. It also
> supports dumping raw DNS record data via the new --raw= switch.
>
> * systemd-logind will now by default terminate user processes that are
> part of the user session scope unit (session-XX.scope) when the user
> logs out. This behavior is controlled by the KillUserProcesses=
> setting in logind.conf, and the previous default of "no" is now
> changed to "yes". This means that user sessions will be properly
> cleaned up after, but additional steps are necessary to allow
> intentionally long-running processes to survive logout.
>
> While the user is logged in at least once, user at .service is running,
> and any service that should survive the end of any individual login
> session can be started at a user service or scope using systemd-run.
> systemd-run(1) man page has been extended with an example which shows
> how to run screen in a scope unit underneath user at .service. The same
> command works for tmux.
>
> After the user logs out of all sessions, user at .service will be
> terminated too, by default, unless the user has "lingering" enabled.
> To effectively allow users to run long-term tasks even if they are
> logged out, lingering must be enabled for them. See loginctl(1) for
> details. The default polkit policy was modified to allow users to
> set lingering for themselves without authentication.
>
> Previous defaults can be restored at compile time by the
> --without-kill-user-processes option to "configure".
>
> * systemd-logind gained new configuration settings SessionsMax= and
> InhibitorsMax=, both with a default of 8192. It will not register new
> user sessions or inhibitors above this limit.
>
> * systemd-logind will now reload configuration on SIGHUP.
>
> * The unified cgroup hierarchy added in Linux 4.5 is now supported.
> Use systemd.unified_cgroup_hierarchy=1 on the kernel command line to
> enable. Also, support for the "io" cgroup controller in the unified
> hierarchy has been added, so that the "memory", "pids" and "io" are
> now the controllers that are supported on the unified hierarchy.
>
> WARNING: it is not possible to use previous systemd versions with
> systemd.unified_cgroup_hierarchy=1 and the new kernel. Therefore it
> is necessary to also update systemd in the initramfs if using the
> unified hierarchy. An updated SELinux policy is also required.
>
> * LLDP support has been extended, and both passive (receive-only) and
> active (sender) modes are supported. Passive mode ("routers-only") is
> enabled by default in systemd-networkd. Active LLDP mode is enabled
> by default for containers on the internal network. The "networkctl
> lldp" command may be used to list information gathered. "networkctl
> status" will also show basic LLDP information on connected peers now.
>
> * The IAID and DUID unique identifier sent in DHCP requests may now be
> configured for the system and each .network file managed by
> systemd-networkd using the DUIDType=, DUIDRawData=, IAID= options.
>
> * systemd-networkd gained support for configuring proxy ARP support for
> each interface, via the ProxyArp= setting in .network files. It also
> gained support for configuring the multicast querier feature of
> bridge devices, via the new MulticastQuerier= setting in .netdev
> files. Similarly, snooping on the IGMP traffic can be controlled
> via the new setting MulticastSnooping=.
>
> A new setting PreferredLifetime= has been added for addresses
> configured in .network file to configure the lifetime intended for an
> address.
>
> The systemd-networkd DHCP server gained the option EmitRouter=, which
> defaults to yes, to configure whether the DHCP Option 3 (Router)
> should be emitted.
>
> * The testing tool /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-activate is renamed to
> systemd-socket-activate and installed into /usr/bin. It is now fully
> supported.
>
> * systemd-journald now uses separate threads to flush changes to disk
> when closing journal files, thus reducing impact of slow disk I/O on
> logging performance.
>
> * The sd-journal API gained two new calls
> sd_journal_open_directory_fd() and sd_journal_open_files_fd() which
> can be used to open journal files using file descriptors instead of
> file or directory paths. sd_journal_open_container() has been
> deprecated, sd_journal_open_directory_fd() should be used instead
> with the flag SD_JOURNAL_OS_ROOT.
>
> * journalctl learned a new output mode "-o short-unix" that outputs log
> lines prefixed by their UNIX time (i.e. seconds since Jan 1st, 1970
> UTC). It also gained support for a new --no-hostname setting to
> suppress the hostname column in the family of "short" output modes.
>
> * systemd-ask-password now optionally skips printing of the password to
> stdout with --no-output which can be useful in scripts.
>
> * Framebuffer devices (/dev/fb*) and 3D printers and scanners
> (devices tagged with ID_MAKER_TOOL) are now tagged with
> "uaccess" and are available to logged in users.
>
> * The DeviceAllow= unit setting now supports specifiers (with "%").
>
> * "systemctl show" gained a new --value switch, which allows print a
> only the contents of a specific unit property, without also printing
> the property's name. Similar support was added to "show*" verbs
> of loginctl and machinectl that output "key=value" lists.
>
> * A new unit type "generated" was added for files dynamically generated
> by generator tools. Similarly, a new unit type "transient" is used
> for unit files created using the runtime API. "systemctl enable" will
> refuse to operate on such files.
>
> * A new command "systemctl revert" has been added that may be used to
> revert to the vendor version of a unit file, in case local changes
> have been made by adding drop-ins or overriding the unit file.
>
> * "machinectl clean" gained a new verb to automatically remove all or
> just hidden container images.
>
> * systemd-tmpfiles gained support for a new line type "e" for emptying
> directories, if they exist, without creating them if they don't.
>
> * systemd-nspawn gained support for automatically patching the UID/GIDs
> of the owners and the ACLs of all files and directories in a
> container tree to match the UID/GID user namespacing range selected
> for the container invocation. This mode is enabled via the new
> --private-user-chown switch. It also gained support for automatically
> choosing a free, previously unused UID/GID range when starting a
> container, via the new --private-users=pick setting (which implies
> --private-user-chown). Together, these options for the first time
> make user namespacing for nspawn containers fully automatic and thus
> deployable. The systemd-nspaw at .service template unit file has been
> changed to use this functionality by default.
>
> * systemd-nspawn gained a new --network-zone= switch, that allows
> creating ad-hoc virtual Ethernet links between multiple containers,
> that only exist as long as at least one container referencing them is
> running. This allows easy connecting of multiple containers with a
> common link that implements an Ethernet broadcast domain. Each of
> these network "zones" may be named relatively freely by the user, and
> may be referenced by any number of containers, but each container may
> only reference one of these "zones". On the lower level, this is
> implemented by an automatically managed bridge network interface for
> each zone, that is created when the first container referencing its
> zone is created and removed when the last one referencing its zone
> terminates.
>
> * The default start timeout may now be configured on the kernel command
> line via systemd.default_timeout_start_sec=. It was already
> configurable via the DefaultTimeoutStartSec= option in
> /etc/systemd/system.conf.
>
> * Socket units gained a new TriggerLimitIntervalSec= and
> TriggerLimitBurst= setting to configure a limit on the activation
> rate of the socket unit.
>
> * The LimitNICE= setting now optionally takes normal UNIX nice values
> in addition to the raw integer limit value. If the specified
> parameter is prefixed with "+" or "-" and is in the range -20..19 the
> value is understood as UNIX nice value. If not prefixed like this it
> is understood as raw RLIMIT_NICE limit.
>
> * Note that the effect of the PrivateDevices= unit file setting changed
> slightly with this release: the per-device /dev file system will be
> mounted read-only from this version on, and will have "noexec"
> set. This (minor) change of behavior might cause some (exceptional)
> legacy software to break, when PrivateDevices=yes is set for its
> service. Please leave PrivateDevices= off if you run into problems
> with this.
>
> * systemd-bootchart has been split out to a separate repository:
> https://github.com/systemd/systemd-bootchart
>
> * systemd-bus-proxyd has been removed, as kdbus is unlikely to still be
> merged into the kernel in its current form.
>
> * The compatibility libraries libsystemd-daemon.so,
> libsystemd-journal.so, libsystemd-id128.so, and libsystemd-login.so
> which have been deprecated since systemd-209 have been removed along
> with the corresponding pkg-config files. All symbols provided by
> those libraries are provided by libsystemd.so.
>
> * The Capabilities= unit file setting has been removed (it is ignored
> for backwards compatibility). AmbientCapabilities= and
> CapabilityBoundingSet= should be used instead.
>
> Contributions from: Alban Crequy, Alexander Kuleshov, Alexander Shopov,
> Alex Crawford, Andre Klärner, Andrew Eikum, Beniamino Galvani, Benjamin
> Robin, Biao Lu, Bjørnar Ness, Calvin Owens, Christian Hesse, Clemens
> Gruber, Colin Guthrie, Daniel Drake, Daniele Medri, Daniel J Walsh,
> Daniel Mack, Dan Nicholson, daurnimator, David Herrmann, David
> R. Hedges, Elias Probst, Emmanuel Gil Peyrot, EMOziko, Evgeny
> Vereshchagin, Federico, Felipe Sateler, Filipe Brandenburger, Franck
> Bui, frankheckenbach, gdamjan, Georgia Brikis, Harald Hoyer, Hendrik
> Brueckner, Hristo Venev, Iago López Galeiras, Ian Kelling, Ismo
> Puustinen, Jakub Wilk, Jaroslav Škarvada, Jeff Huang, Joel Holdsworth,
> John Paul Adrian Glaubitz, Jonathan Boulle, kayrus, Klearchos
> Chaloulos, Kyle Russell, Lars Uebernickel, Lennart Poettering, Lubomir
> Rintel, Lukáš Nykrýn, Mantas Mikulėnas, Marcel Holtmann, Martin Pitt,
> Michael Biebl, michaelolbrich, Michał Bartoszkiewicz, Michal Koutný,
> Michal Sekletar, Mike Frysinger, Mike Gilbert, Mingcong Bai, Ming Lin,
> mulkieran, muzena, Nalin Dahyabhai, Naohiro Aota, Nathan McSween,
> Nicolas Braud-Santoni, Patrik Flykt, Peter Hutterer, Peter Mattern,
> Petr Lautrbach, Petros Angelatos, Piotr Drąg, Rabin Vincent, Robert
> Węcławski, Ronny Chevalier, Samuel Tardieu, Stefan Saraev, Stefan
> Schallenberg aka nafets227, Steven Siloti, Susant Sahani, Sylvain
> Plantefève, Taylor Smock, Tejun Heo, Thomas Blume, Thomas Haller,
> Thomas H. P. Andersen, Tobias Klauser, Tom Gundersen, topimiettinen,
> Torstein Husebø, Umut Tezduyar Lindskog, Uwe Kleine-König, Victor Toso,
> Vinay Kulkarni, Vito Caputo, Vittorio G (VittGam), Vladimir Panteleev,
> Wieland Hoffmann, Wouter Verhelst, Yu Watanabe, Zbigniew
> Jędrzejewski-Szmek
>
> — Fairfax, 2016-05-21
>
> Zbyszek
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