<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr">On Thu, May 14, 2020 at 3:55 PM Dave Howorth <<a href="mailto:systemd@howorth.org.uk">systemd@howorth.org.uk</a>> wrote:<br></div><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">What do --Reboot-- lines in the journal mean and how do they get there?<br>
<br>
I can't find any explanation on<br>
<a href="https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/journalctl.html" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/journalctl.html</a> or<br>
related pages I've tried.<br>
<br>
I should explain why I'm interested. On my openSUSE box, I can see for<br>
example:<br>
<br>
# journalctl --list-boots<br>
-1 3c9ab70ade084dfab277efe733e18949 Mon 2020-03-02 23:44:11 GMT—Sun 2020-03-29 08:54:38 BST<br>
0 c56183ea7877444a8252dd89a32b31f3 Sun 2020-03-29 09:15:30 BST—Thu 2020-05-14 13:16:49 BST<br>
# journalctl | grep Reboot<br>
-- Reboot --<br>
# <br>
<br>
Which looks fairly sane with what I think I should expect. But on two<br>
Raspberry pis that I have with persistent logging enabled they both<br>
have a huge excess of --Reboot-- lines. For example:<br>
<br>
$ sudo journalctl --list-boots<br>
-3 a9346655ca5d4700ab470bfd1b94d5da Thu 2019-02-14 10:11:59 GMT—Wed 2020-05-13 18:31:22 BST<br>
-2 c4f8ab5ec73b40818b1607b3436b90b5 Wed 2020-05-13 18:32:51 BST—Wed 2020-05-13 18:46:29 BST<br>
-1 0af9c854355f4a12a64dd00e6d3d98c1 Wed 2020-05-13 19:32:57 BST—Wed 2020-05-13 22:33:24 BST<br>
0 fc5b35dbb3604dfbb4e2cdc99e117a75 Wed 2020-05-13 22:33:24 BST—Thu 2020-05-14 12:46:07 BST<br>
$ sudo journalctl | grep Reboot | wc<br>
1667 5047 22095<br>
$<br>
<br>
What do the apparently excess 1664 --Reboot-- messages mean?<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>The "--Reboot--" line is simply shown every time the _BOOT_ID field changes between two entries -- even if it changes to a previously seen boot ID (which shouldn't happen normally, but *might* be caused by lack of a RTC?).</div><div><br></div><div>Meanwhile --list-boots has a bit more complex logic for discovering the boots, and it also stops the search completely if it finds a boot ID that it has already seen.</div><div><br></div><div>(What do you get from, let's say, `journalctl -o json | jq -r "._BOOT_ID" | uniq -c`? Does it show several distinct ranges for each boot ID?)</div></div><div><br></div>-- <br><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr">Mantas Mikulėnas</div></div></div>