<div dir="ltr">Hi, <div><br></div><div><p style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:-apple-system,"system-ui","Segoe UI","Liberation Sans",sans-serif;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;clear:both;color:rgb(35,38,41)">I'm a newbie to <code style="margin:0px;padding:2px 4px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-size:13px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;white-space:pre-wrap;border-radius:3px">systemd</code>. I encountered a strange problem when using <code style="margin:0px;padding:2px 4px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-size:13px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;white-space:pre-wrap;border-radius:3px">systemd</code> user service in Debian 10 (hardware: Raspberry Pi 4), systemd version 241. </p><p style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:-apple-system,"system-ui","Segoe UI","Liberation Sans",sans-serif;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;clear:both;color:rgb(35,38,41)">I posted this question on stackoverflow but didn't get answers yet. Hence trying to ask here. My apologies if this is too basic.<br></p><ol style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:30px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:-apple-system,"system-ui","Segoe UI","Liberation Sans",sans-serif;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;list-style-position:initial;box-sizing:inherit;color:rgb(35,38,41)"><li style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit">I created a new service unit file at here: <code style="margin:0px;padding:2px 4px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-size:13px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;white-space:pre-wrap;border-radius:3px">/home/pi/.config/systemd/user/foo.service</code></li></ol><p style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:-apple-system,"system-ui","Segoe UI","Liberation Sans",sans-serif;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;clear:both;color:rgb(35,38,41)">its content looks like this:</p><pre style="margin-top:0px;padding:12px;border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.30769;font-size:13px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;width:auto;max-height:600px;overflow:auto;border-radius:5px"><code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;background-color:transparent;white-space:inherit;border-radius:0px">[Service]
ExecStart=/home/pi/test/foo
WorkingDirectory=/home/pi/test
</code></pre><ol start="2" style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:30px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:-apple-system,"system-ui","Segoe UI","Liberation Sans",sans-serif;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;list-style-position:initial;box-sizing:inherit;color:rgb(35,38,41)"><li style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit">I tried to start this service, but it failed:</li></ol><pre style="margin-top:0px;padding:12px;border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.30769;font-size:13px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;width:auto;max-height:600px;overflow:auto;border-radius:5px"><code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;background-color:transparent;white-space:inherit;border-radius:0px">$ systemctl --user start foo
Failed to start foo.service: Unit foo.service not found.
</code></pre><p style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:-apple-system,"system-ui","Segoe UI","Liberation Sans",sans-serif;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;clear:both;color:rgb(35,38,41)">However, <code style="margin:0px;padding:2px 4px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-size:13px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;white-space:pre-wrap;border-radius:3px">systemd</code> can list this unit file when doing this:</p><pre style="margin-top:0px;padding:12px;border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.30769;font-size:13px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;width:auto;max-height:600px;overflow:auto;border-radius:5px"><code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;background-color:transparent;white-space:inherit;border-radius:0px">$systemctl --user list-unit-files --type service | grep foo
foo.service                      static
</code></pre><p style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:-apple-system,"system-ui","Segoe UI","Liberation Sans",sans-serif;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;clear:both;color:rgb(35,38,41)">Moreover, when I added <code style="margin:0px;padding:2px 4px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-size:13px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;white-space:pre-wrap;border-radius:3px">[Install]</code> section in the unit file:</p><pre style="margin-top:0px;padding:12px;border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.30769;font-size:13px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;width:auto;max-height:600px;overflow:auto;border-radius:5px"><code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;background-color:transparent;white-space:inherit;border-radius:0px">[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
</code></pre><p style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:-apple-system,"system-ui","Segoe UI","Liberation Sans",sans-serif;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;clear:both;color:rgb(35,38,41)">and run <code style="margin:0px;padding:2px 4px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-size:13px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;white-space:pre-wrap;border-radius:3px">$systemctl --user enable foo</code> , it worked.</p><p style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:-apple-system,"system-ui","Segoe UI","Liberation Sans",sans-serif;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;clear:both;color:rgb(35,38,41)">Even more, after that I removed the unit file, and recreated the unit file without the <code style="margin:0px;padding:2px 4px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-size:13px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;white-space:pre-wrap;border-radius:3px">[Install]</code> section, now I start the service and the original problem is no longer seen.</p><p style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:-apple-system,"system-ui","Segoe UI","Liberation Sans",sans-serif;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;clear:both;color:rgb(35,38,41)">So it seems like only when I try to create a new user service for the first time on the system, without using <code style="margin:0px;padding:2px 4px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-size:13px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;white-space:pre-wrap;border-radius:3px">[Install]</code>, it will fail to start.</p><p style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:-apple-system,"system-ui","Segoe UI","Liberation Sans",sans-serif;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;clear:both;color:rgb(35,38,41)">Any ideas why this is happening? (btw, I don't want to have <code style="margin:0px;padding:2px 4px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-size:13px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;white-space:pre-wrap;border-radius:3px">[Install]</code> for this service.)</p><p style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:-apple-system,"system-ui","Segoe UI","Liberation Sans",sans-serif;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;clear:both;color:rgb(35,38,41)">Or is this a known issue fixed in a later release?</p><p style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:-apple-system,"system-ui","Segoe UI","Liberation Sans",sans-serif;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;clear:both;color:rgb(35,38,41)">Thanks</p><p style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:-apple-system,"system-ui","Segoe UI","Liberation Sans",sans-serif;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;clear:both;color:rgb(35,38,41)">Han</p><p style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:-apple-system,"system-ui","Segoe UI","Liberation Sans",sans-serif;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;box-sizing:inherit;clear:both;color:rgb(35,38,41)"><br></p><br class="gmail-Apple-interchange-newline"></div></div>