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<p class="MsoNormal">Hi!<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Debugging some backup issue I noticed that systemd announced “Starting Update system wide CA certificates...” multiple times during backup.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">As I was sure no new certificates were installed I checked the unit; it contains:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"># /usr/lib/systemd/system/ca-certificates.path<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">[Unit]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Description=Watch for changes in CA certificates<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">After=local-fs.target<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">[Path]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Unit=ca-certificates.service<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">PathExists=/etc/pki/trust/.updated<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">PathChanged=/usr/share/pki/trust<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">PathChanged=/usr/share/pki/trust/anchors<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">PathChanged=/usr/share/pki/trust/blacklist<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">PathChanged=/etc/pki/trust<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">PathChanged=/etc/pki/trust/anchors<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">PathChanged=/etc/pki/trust/blacklist<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">[Install]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style="mso-element:para-border-div;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="border:none;padding:0cm"><span lang="EN-US">WantedBy=default.target<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">When checking all the directories, I found no “change” there, but (old bug!):<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">The backup software tried to reset the file’s access time after backing up a file, so the inode modification time will be changed. Like this:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"># stat /etc/pki/trust/blacklist/<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> File: /etc/pki/trust/blacklist/<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> Size: 0 Blocks: 0 IO Block: 4096 directory<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Device: 23h/35d Inode: 15384 Links: 1<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Access: (0755/drwxr-xr-x) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Access: 2025-01-24 09:44:43.086125631 +0100<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Modify: 2024-04-17 17:00:10.000000000 +0200<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Change: 2025-01-24 09:44:42.974123978 +0100<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Birth: 2024-11-12 09:04:58.891998036 +0100<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">So the directory was not modified in the sense of a content change.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">I wonder: Is systemd doing “the correct thing” for PathChanged=?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Note: the access time being newer than the change time is probably due to the effect of either running the unit, or me chacking the dates.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Kind regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Ulrich Windl<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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