[systemd-devel] [ANNOUNCE] systemd 235
Lennart Poettering
lennart at poettering.net
Fri Oct 6 08:24:52 UTC 2017
Heya!
I am happy to announce systemd 235:
https://github.com/systemd/systemd/archive/v235.tar.gz
Enjoy!
CHANGES WITH 235:
* A new modprobe.d drop-in is now shipped by default that sets the
bonding module option max_bonds=0. This overrides the kernel default,
to avoid conflicts and ambiguity as to whether or not bond0 should be
managed by systemd-networkd or not. This resolves multiple issues
with bond0 properties not being applied, when bond0 is configured
with systemd-networkd. Distributors may choose to not package this,
however in that case users will be prevented from correctly managing
bond0 interface using systemd-networkd.
* systemd-analyze gained new verbs "get-log-level" and "get-log-target"
which print the logging level and target of the system manager. They
complement the existing "set-log-level" and "set-log-target" verbs
used to change those values.
* journald.conf gained a new boolean setting ReadKMsg= which defaults
to on. If turned off kernel log messages will not be read by
systemd-journald or included in the logs. It also gained a new
setting LineMax= for configuring the maximum line length in
STDOUT/STDERR log streams. The new default for this value is 48K, up
from the previous hardcoded 2048.
* A new unit setting RuntimeDirectoryPreserve= has been added, which
allows more detailed control of what to do with a runtime directory
configured with RuntimeDirectory= (i.e. a directory below /run or
$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR) after a unit is stopped.
* The RuntimeDirectory= setting for units gained support for creating
deeper subdirectories below /run or $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR, instead of just
one top-level directory.
* Units gained new options StateDirectory=, CacheDirectory=,
LogsDirectory= and ConfigurationDirectory= which are closely related
to RuntimeDirectory= but manage per-service directories below
/var/lib, /var/cache, /var/log and /etc. By making use of them it is
possible to write unit files which when activated automatically gain
properly owned service specific directories in these locations, thus
making unit files self-contained and increasing compatibility with
stateless systems and factory reset where /etc or /var are
unpopulated at boot. Matching these new settings there's also
StateDirectoryMode=, CacheDirectoryMode=, LogsDirectoryMode=,
ConfigurationDirectoryMode= for configuring the access mode of these
directories. These settings are particularly useful in combination
with DynamicUser=yes as they provide secure, properly-owned,
writable, and stateful locations for storage, excluded from the
sandbox that such services live in otherwise.
* Automake support has been removed from this release. systemd is now
Meson-only.
* systemd-journald will now aggressively cache client metadata during
runtime, speeding up log write performance under pressure. This comes
at a small price though: as much of the metadata is read
asynchronously from /proc/ (and isn't implicitly attached to log
datagrams by the kernel, like UID/GID/PID/SELinux are) this means the
metadata stored alongside a log entry might be slightly
out-of-date. Previously it could only be slightly newer than the log
message. The time window is small however, and given that the kernel
is unlikely to be improved anytime soon in this regard, this appears
acceptable to us.
* nss-myhostname/systemd-resolved will now by default synthesize an
A/AAAA resource record for the "_gateway" hostname, pointing to the
current default IP gateway. Previously it did that for the "gateway"
name, hampering adoption, as some distributions wanted to leave that
host name open for local use. The old behaviour may still be
requested at build time.
* systemd-networkd's [Address] section in .network files gained a new
Scope= setting for configuring the IP address scope. The [Network]
section gained a new boolean setting ConfigureWithoutCarrier= that
tells systemd-networkd to ignore link sensing when configuring the
device. The [DHCP] section gained a new Anonymize= boolean option for
turning on a number of options suggested in RFC 7844. A new
[RoutingPolicyRule] section has been added for configuring the IP
routing policy. The [Route] section has gained support for a new
Type= setting which permits configuring
blackhole/unreachable/prohibit routes.
* The [VRF] section in .netdev files gained a new Table= setting for
configuring the routing table to use. The [Tunnel] section gained a
new Independent= boolean field for configuring tunnels independent of
an underlying network interface. The [Bridge] section gained a new
GroupForwardMask= option for configuration of propagation of link
local frames between bridge ports.
* The WakeOnLan= setting in .link files gained support for a number of
new modes. A new TCP6SegmentationOffload= setting has been added for
configuring TCP/IPv6 hardware segmentation offload.
* The IPv6 RA sender implementation may now optionally send out RDNSS
and RDNSSL records to supply DNS configuration to peers.
* systemd-nspawn gained support for a new --system-call-filter= command
line option for adding and removing entries in the default system
call filter it applies. Moreover systemd-nspawn has been changed to
implement a system call whitelist instead of a blacklist.
* systemd-run gained support for a new --pipe command line option. If
used the STDIN/STDOUT/STDERR file descriptors passed to systemd-run
are directly passed on to the activated transient service
executable. This allows invoking arbitrary processes as systemd
services (for example to take benefit of dependency management,
accounting management, resource management or log management that is
done automatically for services) — while still allowing them to be
integrated in a classic UNIX shell pipeline.
* When a service sends RELOAD=1 via sd_notify() and reload propagation
using ReloadPropagationTo= is configured, a reload is now propagated
to configured units. (Previously this was only done on explicitly
requested reloads, using "systemctl reload" or an equivalent
command.)
* For each service unit a restart counter is now kept: it is increased
each time the service is restarted due to Restart=, and may be
queried using "systemctl show -p NRestarts …".
* New system call filter groups @aio, @sync, @chown, @setuid, @memlock,
@signal and @timer have been added, for usage with SystemCallFilter=
in unit files and the new --system-call-filter= command line option
of systemd-nspawn (see above).
* ExecStart= lines in unit files gained two new modifiers: when a
command line is prefixed with "!" the command will be executed as
configured, except for the credentials applied by
setuid()/setgid()/setgroups(). It is very similar to the pre-existing
"+", but does still apply namespacing options unlike "+". There's
also "!!" now, which is mostly identical, but becomes a NOP on
systems that support ambient capabilities. This is useful to write
unit files that work with ambient capabilities where possible but
automatically fall back to traditional privilege dropping mechanisms
on systems where this is not supported.
* ListenNetlink= settings in socket units now support RDMA netlink
sockets.
* A new unit file setting LockPersonality= has been added which permits
locking down the chosen execution domain ("personality") of a service
during runtime.
* A new special target "getty-pre.target" has been added, which is
ordered before all text logins, and may be used to order services
before textual logins acquire access to the console.
* systemd will now attempt to load the virtio-rng.ko kernel module very
early on if a VM environment supporting this is detected. This should
improve entropy during early boot in virtualized environments.
* A _netdev option is now supported in /etc/crypttab that operates in a
similar way as the same option in /etc/fstab: it permits configuring
encrypted devices that need to be ordered after the network is up.
Following this logic, two new special targets
remote-cryptsetup-pre.target and remote-cryptsetup.target have been
added that are to cryptsetup.target what remote-fs.target and
remote-fs-pre.target are to local-fs.target.
* Service units gained a new UnsetEnvironment= setting which permits
unsetting specific environment variables for services that are
normally passed to it (for example in order to mask out locale
settings for specific services that can't deal with it).
* Units acquired a new boolean option IPAccounting=. When turned on, IP
traffic accounting (packet count as well as byte count) is done for
the service, and shown as part of "systemctl status" or "systemd-run
--wait".
* Service units acquired two new options IPAddressAllow= and
IPAddressDeny=, taking a list of IPv4 or IPv6 addresses and masks,
for configuring a simple IP access control list for all sockets of
the unit. These options are available also on .slice and .socket
units, permitting flexible access list configuration for individual
services as well as groups of services (as defined by a slice unit),
including system-wide. Note that IP ACLs configured this way are
enforced on every single IPv4 and IPv6 socket created by any process
of the service unit, and apply to ingress as well as egress traffic.
* If CPUAccounting= or IPAccounting= is turned on for a unit a new
structured log message is generated each time the unit is stopped,
containing information about the consumed resources of this
invocation.
* A new setting KeyringMode= has been added to unit files, which may be
used to control how the kernel keyring is set up for executed
processes.
* "systemctl poweroff", "systemctl reboot", "systemctl halt",
"systemctl kexec" and "systemctl exit" are now always asynchronous in
behaviour (that is: these commands return immediately after the
operation was enqueued instead of waiting for the operation to
complete). Previously, "systemctl poweroff" and "systemctl reboot"
were asynchronous on systems using systemd-logind (i.e. almost
always, and like they were on sysvinit), and the other three commands
were unconditionally synchronous. With this release this is cleaned
up, and callers will see the same asynchronous behaviour on all
systems for all five operations.
* systemd-logind gained new Halt() and CanHalt() bus calls for halting
the system.
* .timer units now accept calendar specifications in other timezones
than UTC or the local timezone.
* The tmpfiles snippet var.conf has been changed to create
/var/log/btmp with access mode 0660 instead of 0600. It was owned by
the "utmp" group already, and it appears to be generally understood
that members of "utmp" can modify/flush the utmp/wtmp/lastlog/btmp
databases. Previously this was implemented correctly for all these
databases excepts btmp, which has been opened up like this now
too. Note that while the other databases are world-readable
(i.e. 0644), btmp is not and remains more restrictive.
* The systemd-resolve tool gained a new --reset-server-features
switch. When invoked like this systemd-resolved will forget
everything it learnt about the features supported by the configured
upstream DNS servers, and restarts the feature probing logic on the
next resolver look-up for them at the highest feature level
again.
* The status dump systemd-resolved sends to the logs upon receiving
SIGUSR1 now also includes information about all DNS servers it is
configured to use, and the features levels it probed for them.
Contributions from: Abdó Roig-Maranges, Alan Jenkins, Alexander
Kuleshov, Andreas Rammhold, Andrew Jeddeloh, Andrew Soutar, Ansgar
Burchardt, Beniamino Galvani, Benjamin Berg, Benjamin Robin, Charles
Huber, Christian Hesse, Daniel Berrange, Daniel Kahn Gillmor, Daniel
Mack, Daniel Rusek, Daniel Șerbănescu, Davide Cavalca, Dimitri John
Ledkov, Diogo Pereira, Djalal Harouni, Dmitriy Geels, Dmitry Torokhov,
ettavolt, Evgeny Vereshchagin, Fabio Kung, Felipe Sateler, Franck Bui,
Hans de Goede, Harald Hoyer, Insun Pyo, Ivan Kurnosov, Ivan Shapovalov,
Jakub Wilk, Jan Synacek, Jason Gunthorpe, Jeremy Bicha, Jérémy Rosen,
John Lin, jonasBoss, Jonathan Lebon, Jonathan Teh, Jon Ringle, Jörg
Thalheim, Jouke Witteveen, juga0, Justin Capella, Justin Michaud,
Kai-Heng Feng, Lennart Poettering, Lion Yang, Luca Bruno, Lucas
Werkmeister, Lukáš Nykrýn, Marcel Hollerbach, Marcus Lundblad, Martin
Pitt, Michael Biebl, Michael Grzeschik, Michal Sekletar, Mike Gilbert,
Neil Brown, Nicolas Iooss, Patrik Flykt, pEJipE, Piotr Drąg, Russell
Stuart, S. Fan, Shengyao Xue, Stefan Pietsch, Susant Sahani, Tejun Heo,
Thomas Miller, Thomas Sailer, Tobias Hunger, Tomasz Pala, Tom
Gundersen, Tommi Rantala, Topi Miettinen, Torstein Husebø, userwithuid,
Vasilis Liaskovitis, Vito Caputo, WaLyong Cho, William Douglas, Xiang
Fan, Yu Watanabe, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
— Berlin, 2017-10-06
Lennart
--
Lennart Poettering, Red Hat
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